{"id":4143,"date":"2020-10-30T22:00:28","date_gmt":"2020-10-30T21:00:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/?p=4143"},"modified":"2025-02-19T18:55:55","modified_gmt":"2025-02-19T17:55:55","slug":"content-delivery-networks-what-cloudflare-does-so-special","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/da\/content-delivery-networks-was-cloudflare-so-besonders-macht\/","title":{"rendered":"Content Delivery Networks - Hvad der g\u00f8r CloudFlare s\u00e5 specielt"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Giv os fem minutter, s\u00e5 f\u00e5r vi din Websted<\/a> komme i gang\", lover den San Francisco-baserede udbyder CloudFlare p\u00e5 sit eget websted. Det tager angiveligt kun fem minutter at registrere sig hos CloudFare, v\u00e6lge en tilsvarende tarif (plan) og uploade det tilsvarende websted til udbyderen. Forudsat dog, at ens egen internetforbindelse er hurtig nok. Men CloudFlare lover ikke kun hastighed, men ogs\u00e5 avancerede sikkerhedsl\u00f8sninger som f.eks. en \"Web Application Firewall\" eller en \"Advanced Denial of Service Attack Mitgation\". Alt dette er muligt ved at kombinere to teknologier: den ene er relativt ny, den anden er lige s\u00e5 gammel som internettet, og sammen udg\u00f8r de et n\u00e6sten selvforsynende system.<\/p>\n

Content Delivery Network - N\u00e5r skyerne bliver spredte<\/h2>\n

I stedet for en normal cloud-tjeneste, f.eks. som \"Infrastructure as a Service\", fungerer det s\u00e5kaldte \"Content Delivery System\" noget anderledes, fordi Content Delivery Networks i stedet for at v\u00e6re koncentreret p\u00e5 et enkelt sted er diffust fordelt p\u00e5 flere PoP'er (Points of Presence) og danner et netv\u00e6rk af diffust arrangerede skyer. Konkret betyder det 43 datacentre i 32 lande for CloudFlare. Det drejer sig dog ikke kun om ren st\u00f8rrelse, men om den st\u00f8rst mulige d\u00e6kning af alle steder i verden. En anmodning fra Sydafrika b\u00f8r ikke tage l\u00e6ngere tid end en anmodning fra USA p\u00e5 grund af den geografiske placering. <\/p>\n

Content Delivery Network fungerer med et todelt distributionssystem. Der er en eller flere origin-servere og et stort antal \"backbones\" eller replika-servere, som indeholder en kopi af den tilg\u00e6ngelige fil. Hvor ofte en s\u00e5dan fil spejles, dvs. distribueres i replikaserverne, afh\u00e6nger i h\u00f8j grad af antallet af anmodninger. Hvis der kun sj\u00e6ldent anmodes om en fil, kan nogle f\u00e5 backbones v\u00e6re tilstr\u00e6kkelige til at d\u00e6kke eftersp\u00f8rgslen. Desuden: Ikke alle backbone-systemer er \"opbygget\" p\u00e5 samme m\u00e5de. Nogle er designet med henblik p\u00e5 effektivitet, andre med henblik p\u00e5 hastighed. Kombinationen af begge dele garanterer en ensartet fordeling med hensyn til tid og hastighed, uanset den aktive trafik.<\/p>\n

Domain Name Server - Den logiske konsekvens<\/h2>\n

Den anden del af distributionssystemet er dom\u00e6nenavnsserveren. Dette s\u00f8rger for at opl\u00f8se de forsyningsk\u00e6der, der er tildelt af origin-serveren via DNS-baseret anmodningsvejledning. Ligesom p\u00e5 internettet kan backbones tildeles unikke ID'er, som DNS kan bruge i sine Database<\/a> har gemt. For at kunne behandle en anmodning skal brugeren omdirigeres til en backbone, som kr\u00e6ver oplysninger som f.eks. ID og IP. Det er pr\u00e6cis de oplysninger, som DNS giver.<\/p>\n

CloudFlare's DNS bruges dog ikke udelukkende til denne opgave, men fungerer ogs\u00e5 som en \"normal\" DNS, der kan konvertere dom\u00e6nenavne p\u00e5 websteder til IP-adresser. Selv om der nu findes mange DNS'er, der ikke er bundet til internetudbydere, f.eks. openDNS eller Google Public DNS, \u00f8ger brugen af sin egen DNS sikkerheden for de websteder, der er lagret via CloudFlare, i det mindste i et vist omfang, da det er muligt at reagere hurtigere p\u00e5 angreb med henblik p\u00e5 \"denial of service\".<\/p>\n

De tre s\u00f8jler for sikkerhed<\/h2>\n

Groft sagt opn\u00e5s CloudFlares h\u00f8je sikkerhedsniveau gennem et system med tre s\u00f8jler, nemlig en webbaseret applikationsfirewall, der s\u00e5 at sige er placeret foran selve webstedet, end-to-end SSL-kryptering baseret p\u00e5 brugerens egne eller foretrukne protokoller og algoritmer og DNSSEC (DNS-SECurity), et handshakesystem til DNS-foresp\u00f8rgsler baseret p\u00e5 kryptografiske signaturer, der fungerer med flere lag. Derudover giver den egen DNS mulighed for et langt bedre varslingssystem for DDoS-angreb gennem forbedret overv\u00e5gning \"ved kilden\", da trafikken allerede her kan registreres, f\u00f8r det egentlige websted bliver p\u00e5virket.<\/p>\n

Lidt konkurrence<\/h2>\n

I \u00f8jeblikket har CloudFlare stadig kun f\u00e5 seri\u00f8se konkurrenter. Selv om der er andre udbydere - herunder fra store virksomheder - bliver det sv\u00e6rt at sl\u00e5 CloudFlare af tronen p\u00e5 grund af samarbejdet med store brands og en vidtr\u00e6kkende implementering. De scorer dog ikke bare point med tomme s\u00e6tninger, men ved at kombinere et content delivery network og en dom\u00e6nenavnsserver med alle de tilh\u00f8rende fordele har de skabt et system, der giver hastighed og sikkerhed i lige s\u00e5 h\u00f8j grad.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

„Gib uns f\u00fcnf Minuten und wir werden deine Webseite auf Touren bringen“ verspricht der in San Francisco ans\u00e4ssige Anbieter CloudFlare vollmundig auf seiner eigenen Seite. Lediglich f\u00fcnf Minuten soll es dauern, sich bei CloudFare zu registrieren, einen entsprechenden Tarif (Plan) zu w\u00e4hlen und die entsprechende Webseite beim Anbieter hochzuladen. Unter der Voraussetzung allerdings, das die 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