{"id":4209,"date":"2020-10-30T20:09:44","date_gmt":"2020-10-30T19:09:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/amavis-die-schnittstelle-zwischen-mailserver-und-spam-virusschutz\/"},"modified":"2020-10-30T20:09:44","modified_gmt":"2020-10-30T19:09:44","slug":"amavis-the-interface-between-mailserver-and-spam-virus-protection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/da\/amavis-die-schnittstelle-zwischen-mailserver-und-spam-virusschutz\/","title":{"rendered":"amavis - Gr\u00e6nsefladen mellem mailserver og spam\/virusbeskyttelse"},"content":{"rendered":"

Amavis er en server-side virusscanner skrevet i programmeringssproget Perl og bruges p\u00e5 Unix-mailservere. Hvis en u\u00f8nsket E-mail<\/a> Amavis fjerner dem automatisk fra cirkulation. P\u00e5 det seneste er det p\u00e5lidelige program ogs\u00e5 blevet brugt til at blokere for spam-beskeder, som ellers ville tilstoppe mailserveren. Dette nyttige v\u00e6rkt\u00f8j sparer en masse tid, og indstillingsmulighederne giver masser af plads til at tilpasse konfigurationen af mailserveren.<\/p>\n

SpamAssassin eliminerer virus p\u00e5 p\u00e5lidelig vis<\/h3>\n

En vigtig komponent i Amavis er SpamAssassin-modulet. Uanset antallet af modtagere kontrollerer denne spam-blokker, om beskeden passer ind i den forudindstillede spam-kategori eller ej. P\u00e5 denne m\u00e5de bliver mailserveren ikke overbebyrdet med denne opgave, og alle indg\u00e5ende meddelelser behandles i stedet effektivt centralt i overensstemmelse med den enkelte modtagers \u00f8nsker. Generelt fungerer kombinationen af spam-blokker og virusscanner meget ressourceeffektivt. Amavis blev skrevet i programmeringssproget Perl med s\u00e6rlig fokus p\u00e5 at forhindre bufferoverl\u00f8b og samtidig give administratorer enkle vedligeholdelsesmuligheder. Amavis ser ikke sig selv prim\u00e6rt som sin egen virusscanner, men mere som en gr\u00e6nseflade, der kan udvides med antivirusprogrammer som SpamAssassin, ClamAV, Kaspersky LMS eller AVG AV. Inden for disse rammer kan trusler mod mailserveren og arbejdscomputerne opdages og forebygges med et minimalt tidsforbrug. Amavis er i stand til at arkivere eller s\u00e6tte meddelelser i karant\u00e6ne. De kan enten gemmes i en postkasse eller i en SQL Database<\/a> kan transmitteres. Det er ogs\u00e5 muligt at oprette en DKIM-signatur med Amavis. Denne identifikationsprotokol sikrer, at mailen er autentificeret. Dette forhindrer mailspoofing, som gentagne gange skaber alvorlige sikkerhedsproblemer. Amavis underst\u00f8tter en r\u00e6kke forskellige MTA-indstillinger. Generelt har serveradministratoren mange indstillingsmuligheder og kan tildele mailmodtagerne til individuelle undergrupper, som igen arbejder efter deres egne regler. Det er f.eks. muligt at modtage spam-beskeder med deres egen meddelelse i overskriften, som er tilpasset den p\u00e5g\u00e6ldende modtager.<\/p>\n

Amavis overbeviser med gode resultater<\/h3>\n

Selv om Amavis er skrevet i programmeringssproget Perl, kan softwaren stadig overbevise med god ydeevne. Dette skyldes is\u00e6r, at store blokke af data ikke scannes linje for linje, at un\u00f8dig kopiering af filer er blevet forhindret, og at udviklerne har vist en fin fornemmelse for optimering. I kombination med de ovenn\u00e6vnte antivirusprogrammer b\u00f8r man dog v\u00e6re opm\u00e6rksom p\u00e5, hvilke e-mails der b\u00f8r unders\u00f8ges n\u00e6rmere. Is\u00e6r hvis den n\u00f8dvendige identifikation er tilg\u00e6ngelig, kan der defineres undtagelser, som giver mulighed for hurtig og rettidig behandling. Amavis er prim\u00e6rt forpligtet til at overholde de definerede RFC-standarder. Nogle af projektets begyndelser g\u00e5r helt tilbage til 1997. Indg\u00e5ende meddelelser videresendes til Mail Transfer Agent via de velkendte SMTP- og LMTP-protokoller. Hvis der sker en uventet h\u00e6ndelse under postoverf\u00f8rslen, tr\u00e6der en r\u00e6kke foranstaltninger straks i kraft for at sikre meddelelsen. Med denne pakke af foranstaltninger forhindrer Amavis, at post g\u00e5r tabt eller at meddelelser bliver ul\u00e6selige ved et nedbrud. Meddelelser opbevares ikke i hukommelsen, hvilket burde forhindre, at for store meddelelser for\u00e5rsager nedbrud eller alvorlige serverproblemer. Den eneste undtagelse er overf\u00f8rslen til virusscanneren SpamAssassin, men det skyldes den m\u00e5de, som scanneren fungerer p\u00e5. Dette kan forhindres ved at indstille Administrator<\/a> s\u00e6tter en st\u00f8rrelsesgr\u00e6nse for filer, s\u00e5 meddelelser over en vis st\u00f8rrelse ikke videresendes til modulet, men i stedet skal gennemg\u00e5 en separat kontrol. Ligesom med andre gr\u00e6nseflader til mailservere kan visse afsendere opf\u00f8res p\u00e5 en sortliste eller hvidliste. Dette sparer mailserveren for arbejde og tid ved at sortere afsendere fra, som tidligere har givet problemer, eller som det ikke er n\u00f8dvendigt at kontrollere. Alt i alt er Amavis en overbevisende softwarepakke, som nemt kan udvides med yderligere moduler eller virusscannere og viser sig at v\u00e6re en nyttig gr\u00e6nseflade.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bei Amavis handelt es sich um einen serverseitigen Virenscanner, der in der Programmiersprache Perl geschrieben wurde und auf Unix-Mailservern zum Einsatz kommt. Wird eine unerw\u00fcnschte E-Mail entdeckt, zieht Amavis diese automatisch aus dem Verkehr. Neuerdings werden mit der zuverl\u00e4ssigen Programm auch Spam-Nachrichten blockiert, die ansonsten den Mailserver zum\u00fcllen w\u00fcrden. Mit dem n\u00fctzlichen Tool l\u00e4sst sich 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