{"id":4276,"date":"2020-10-30T22:02:34","date_gmt":"2020-10-30T21:02:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/?p=4276"},"modified":"2020-10-30T22:02:34","modified_gmt":"2020-10-30T21:02:34","slug":"filtro-de-spam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/es\/spamfilter\/","title":{"rendered":"Filtro de spam"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>El sustantivo ingl\u00e9s \"spam\" en el filtro de spam puede ser traducido como la palabra alemana Abfall. Originalmente, se refiere a la carne enlatada. En el sector de la tecnolog\u00eda de la informaci\u00f3n, esto se refiere a los mensajes electr\u00f3nicos no solicitados; es decir, que se entregan sin que el destinatario lo solicite. Normalmente contienen publicidad. Seg\u00fan una investigaci\u00f3n del portal de estad\u00edsticas de Hamburgo Statista, el n\u00famero de correos basura en todo el mundo en 2014 fue de 28 mil millones. Este es un problema global que se resuelve con la ayuda de un filtro de spam; espec\u00edficamente, los mensajes no deseados deben ser resueltos por un programa de computadora. El originador de tal correo no deseado se llama \"spammer\", el proceso se llama \"spamming\" o env\u00edo de correo basura.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00c1reas de aplicaci\u00f3n de un filtro de spam<\/h2>\n<p>Cl\u00e1sicamente, el uso de un filtro de spam se limitaba a la clasificaci\u00f3n de los correos electr\u00f3nicos no deseados. Para ello, se construyeron m\u00f3dulos para programas de correo electr\u00f3nico y servidores de correo con la ayuda de algoritmos. Sin embargo, dado que la importancia de la publicidad en Internet ha aumentado cada vez m\u00e1s en el pasado, los nuevos programas tambi\u00e9n filtran las p\u00e1ginas. M\u00e1s espec\u00edficamente, los filtros de spam tambi\u00e9n se utilizan para los navegadores web, wikis y blogs.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00e9todos de trabajo de un filtro de spam<\/h3>\n<p>Los filtros de spam recogen informaci\u00f3n que est\u00e1 directamente relacionada con un correo. Puede tratarse del contenido del propio correo, pero tambi\u00e9n se puede comprobar de manera limitada el origen de un mensaje. Se han establecido tres m\u00e9todos:<br \/>\na) El <a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/es\/spamhaus-org-guide-to-subscribe-description-of-the-service-etc\/\">M\u00e9todo de la lista negra<\/a>. Una lista negra es una \"lista negra\" que es sin\u00f3nimo de un contacto no deseado. En cuanto al contenido, dicha lista enumera ciertas expresiones y palabras clave. Un algoritmo busca en un correo electr\u00f3nico estas palabras clave; si encuentra tales palabras clave, har\u00e1 que un correo se clasifique. El mismo procedimiento puede extenderse al remitente. Muchos filtros de spam que funcionan seg\u00fan el m\u00e9todo de la lista negra ya contienen una extensa base de datos. Los usuarios pueden ampliar esta base de datos seg\u00fan sus necesidades personales.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/spam-2.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1945\" src=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/spam-2.png\" alt=\"El sobre de spam\" width=\"128\" height=\"128\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>b) El m\u00e9todo del filtro de Bayes. El m\u00e9todo del filtro de Bayes se basa en la teor\u00eda de la probabilidad y requiere la cooperaci\u00f3n del usuario, especialmente al principio. Si se configura correctamente, es superior al m\u00e9todo de la lista negra. En este m\u00e9todo, el usuario debe identificar los correos recibidos como <a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/es\/srs-mit-postfix-unter-centos\/\">Spam<\/a> clasificar el spam o el no spam. El filtro bayesiano aprende las reglas en segundo plano sin intervenir en los algoritmos. Despu\u00e9s de unos 1.000 correos autoclasificados, el filtro funciona de forma independiente. El filtro bayesiano tambi\u00e9n sigue aprendiendo en el curso de la reordenaci\u00f3n posterior.<br \/>\nc) El <a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/es\/datenbank-server\/\">Base de datos<\/a> soluciones basadas en la tecnolog\u00eda. Los correos electr\u00f3nicos publicitarios, en particular, contienen una serie de datos que pretenden conducir a un contacto espec\u00edfico. Esto incluye, sobre todo, la URL de un <a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/es\/eine-eigene-webseite-fuer-ihr-unternehmen-ja-oder-nein\/\">sitio web<\/a> y el n\u00famero de tel\u00e9fono. Las soluciones basadas en bases de datos utilizan algoritmos para buscar esta informaci\u00f3n. Si se encuentran, los correos se clasifican. La tasa de \u00e9xito de esos procedimientos puede describirse como muy buena. Aunque los correos publicitarios pueden ser redise\u00f1ados una y otra vez y, por lo tanto, en un n\u00famero ilimitado, ciertos datos siempre permanecen iguales.<\/p>\n<h3>Tasas de error de los filtros de spam<\/h3>\n<p>Los mensajes de spam se han vuelto cada vez m\u00e1s sofisticados en el pasado. Como resultado, la aplicaci\u00f3n del filtro de spam tiene que evolucionar. Esto implica esfuerzo y costos, por lo que algunos proveedores cobran honorarios por cualquier servicio. Adem\u00e1s, la clasificaci\u00f3n por medio de programas est\u00e1 asociada a una tasa de error, pero \u00e9sta puede reducirse mediante el entrenamiento. La detecci\u00f3n de falsos negativos es cuando los correos de spam llegan a la bandeja de entrada normal; la detecci\u00f3n de falsos positivos es cuando los correos normales se confunden con el spam. Mientras que las medidas de optimizaci\u00f3n reducen la tasa de error de la detecci\u00f3n de falsos negativos a un diez o un uno por ciento, la detecci\u00f3n de falsos positivos tiende a cero.<\/p>\n<p>Un filtro de spam conocido es, por ejemplo <a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/es\/spamassassin-la-proteccion-anti-spam-gratuita\/\">SpamAssassin<\/a>que es utilizado por la mayor\u00eda de los proveedores de correo electr\u00f3nico.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Das englische Substantiv &#8222;spam&#8220; im Spamfilter l\u00e4sst sich mit dem deutschen Wort Abfall widergeben. Urspr\u00fcnglich ist damit Dosenfleisch gemeint. Es handelt sich dabei im IT-Bereich um unerw\u00fcnschte elektronische Nachrichten; d.h. sie werden zugestellt, ohne dass es dem Wunsch des Empf\u00e4ngers entspricht. Meist beinhalten sie Werbung. Nach Recherchen des Hamburger Statistik-Portals Statista betrug die Anzahl der [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1005,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_crdt_document":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[732],"tags":[247,151,308],"class_list":["post-4276","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lexikon","tag-lexikon","tag-spam","tag-spamfilter"],"acf":[],"_wp_attached_file":null,"_wp_attachment_metadata":null,"litespeed-optimize-size":null,"litespeed-optimize-set":null,"_elementor_source_image_hash":null,"_wp_attachment_image_alt":null,"stockpack_author_name":null,"stockpack_author_url":null,"stockpack_provider":null,"stockpack_image_url":null,"stockpack_license":null,"stockpack_license_url":null,"stockpack_modification":null,"color":null,"original_id":null,"original_url":null,"original_link":null,"unsplash_location":null,"unsplash_sponsor":null,"unsplash_exif":null,"unsplash_attachment_metadata":null,"_elementor_is_screenshot":null,"surfer_file_name":null,"surfer_file_original_url":null,"envato_tk_source_kit":null,"envato_tk_source_index":null,"envato_tk_manifest":null,"envato_tk_folder_name":null,"envato_tk_builder":null,"envato_elements_download_event":null,"_menu_item_type":null,"_menu_item_menu_item_parent":null,"_menu_item_object_id":null,"_menu_item_object":null,"_menu_item_target":null,"_menu_item_classes":null,"_menu_item_xfn":null,"_menu_item_url":null,"_trp_menu_languages":null,"rank_math_primary_category":null,"rank_math_title":null,"inline_featured_image":null,"_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":null,"rank_math_schema_blogposting":null,"rank_math_schema_videoobject":null,"_oembed_049c719bc4a9f89deaead66a7da9fddc":null,"_oembed_time_049c719bc4a9f89deaead66a7da9fddc":null,"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"spamfilter","_yoast_wpseo_linkdex":null,"_oembed_27e3473bf8bec795fbeb3a9d38489348":null,"_oembed_c3b0f6959478faf92a1f343d8f96b19e":null,"_trp_translated_slug_en_us":null,"_wp_desired_post_slug":null,"_yoast_wpseo_title":null,"tldname":null,"tldpreis":null,"tldrubrik":null,"tldpolicylink":null,"tldsize":null,"tldregistrierungsdauer":null,"tldtransfer":null,"tldwhoisprivacy":null,"tldregistrarchange":null,"tldregistrantchange":null,"tldwhoisupdate":null,"tldnameserverupdate":null,"tlddeletesofort":null,"tlddeleteexpire":null,"tldumlaute":null,"tldrestore":null,"tldsubcategory":null,"tldbildname":null,"tldbildurl":null,"tldclean":null,"tldcategory":null,"tldpolicy":null,"tldbesonderheiten":null,"tld_bedeutung":null,"_oembed_d167040d816d8f94c072940c8009f5f8":null,"_oembed_b0a0fa59ef14f8870da2c63f2027d064":null,"_oembed_4792fa4dfb2a8f09ab950a73b7f313ba":null,"_oembed_33ceb1fe54a8ab775d9410abf699878d":null,"_oembed_fd7014d14d919b45ec004937c0db9335":null,"_oembed_21a029d076783ec3e8042698c351bd7e":null,"_oembed_be5ea8a0c7b18e658f08cc571a909452":null,"_oembed_a9ca7a298b19f9b48ec5914e010294d2":null,"_oembed_f8db6b27d08a2bb1f920e7647808899a":null,"_oembed_168ebde5096e77d8a89326519af9e022":null,"_oembed_cdb76f1b345b42743edfe25481b6f98f":null,"_oembed_87b0613611ae54e86e8864265404b0a1":null,"_oembed_27aa0e5cf3f1bb4bc416a4641a5ac273":null,"_oembed_time_27aa0e5cf3f1bb4bc416a4641a5ac273":null,"_tldname":null,"_tldclean":null,"_tldpreis":null,"_tldcategory":null,"_tldsubcategory":null,"_tldpolicy":null,"_tldpolicylink":null,"_tldsize":null,"_tldregistrierungsdauer":null,"_tldtransfer":null,"_tldwhoisprivacy":null,"_tldregistrarchange":null,"_tldregistrantchange":null,"_tldwhoisupdate":null,"_tldnameserverupdate":null,"_tlddeletesofort":null,"_tlddeleteexpire":null,"_tldumlaute":null,"_tldrestore":null,"_tldbildname":null,"_tldbildurl":null,"_tld_bedeutung":null,"_tldbesonderheiten":null,"_oembed_ad96e4112edb9f8ffa35731d4098bc6b":null,"_oembed_8357e2b8a2575c74ed5978f262a10126":null,"_oembed_3d5fea5103dd0d22ec5d6a33eff7f863":null,"_eael_widget_elements":null,"_oembed_0d8a206f09633e3d62b95a15a4dd0487":null,"_oembed_time_0d8a206f09633e3d62b95a15a4dd0487":null,"_aioseo_description":null,"_eb_attr":null,"_eb_data_table":null,"_oembed_819a879e7da16dd629cfd15a97334c8a":null,"_oembed_time_819a879e7da16dd629cfd15a97334c8a":null,"_acf_changed":null,"_wpcode_auto_insert":null,"_edit_last":null,"_edit_lock":null,"_oembed_e7b913c6c84084ed9702cb4feb012ddd":null,"_oembed_bfde9e10f59a17b85fc8917fa7edf782":null,"_oembed_time_bfde9e10f59a17b85fc8917fa7edf782":null,"_oembed_03514b67990db061d7c4672de26dc514":null,"_oembed_time_03514b67990db061d7c4672de26dc514":null,"rank_math_news_sitemap_robots":"index","rank_math_robots":["index"],"_eael_post_view_count":"4072","_trp_automatically_translated_slug_ru_ru":null,"_trp_automatically_translated_slug_et":"raempsposti-filter","_trp_automatically_translated_slug_lv":"surogatpasta-filtrs","_trp_automatically_translated_slug_fr_fr":null,"_trp_automatically_translated_slug_en_us":null,"_wp_old_slug":null,"_trp_automatically_translated_slug_da_dk":null,"_trp_automatically_translated_slu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