{"id":4314,"date":"2020-10-30T22:35:57","date_gmt":"2020-10-30T21:35:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/?p=4314"},"modified":"2025-02-19T18:34:31","modified_gmt":"2025-02-19T17:34:31","slug":"php","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/fr\/php\/","title":{"rendered":"PHP"},"content":{"rendered":"

PHP est l'abr\u00e9viation d'un langage de script appel\u00e9 Hypertext Preprocessor. Cette abr\u00e9viation PHP a longtemps signifi\u00e9 Personal Home Page Tool, ce qui \u00e9tait le cas \u00e0 l'origine. Le langage de script ou langage de programmation est une syntaxe s'appuyant sur Perl et C. Ces programmes sont indispensables pour la cr\u00e9ation de pages web dynamiques et d'applications web. Le pr\u00e9processeur hypertexte est ici un logiciel libre, la licence PHP \u00e9tant librement disponible et \u00e9galement diffus\u00e9e. Le PHP est indispensable par le support d'une large base de donn\u00e9es et l'int\u00e9gration de protocoles Internet et par la disponibilit\u00e9 de nombreuses biblioth\u00e8ques de fonctions. Le paquet de logiciels peut \u00e9galement \u00eatre inclus avec Squid.<\/p>\n

Comment a-t-il \u00e9t\u00e9 distribu\u00e9 et comment fonctionne le PHP ?<\/h3>\n

Au d\u00e9but de l'ann\u00e9e 2013, PHP \u00e9tait utilis\u00e9 sur environ 244 millions de sites web. Le paquet de logiciels peut aussi \u00eatre inclus en plus avec Squid. En 2015, il y avait 82% des sites web qui \u00e9taient contr\u00f4l\u00e9s par ce langage de programmation. Le pr\u00e9processeur hypertexte est le langage de programmation le plus utilis\u00e9 sur la plan\u00e8te car il est facile \u00e0 apprendre et simple. Le programme peut cr\u00e9er des pages web et est en outre souvent d\u00e9j\u00e0 install\u00e9 chez les h\u00e9bergeurs. Avec le syst\u00e8me PHP, les codes peuvent fonctionner c\u00f4t\u00e9 serveur. Le code source ne peut donc pas \u00eatre envoy\u00e9 \u00e0 un navigateur web. Ce code source est envoy\u00e9 \u00e0 un interpr\u00e8te depuis le serveur web. L'interpr\u00e9teur v\u00e9rifie le code source et envoie ensuite la sortie au navigateur. Cette sortie de l'interpr\u00e9teur PHP appara\u00eetra \u00e9galement \u00e0 la fin. L'interpr\u00e9teur envoie un document HTML au navigateur, celui-ci peut \u00eatre g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 avec PHP avec d'autres fichiers comme des images et des fichiers PDF. Le syst\u00e8me qui ex\u00e9cute les applications web avec un fichier PHP est \"param\u00e8tres<\/a>est absolument n\u00e9cessaire. Le syst\u00e8me doit imp\u00e9rativement pouvoir traiter les instructions contenues dans le fichier. Une interface (par ex. ISAPI ou CGI) aide l'interpr\u00e8te \u00e0 ex\u00e9cuter un d\u00e9mon serveur ou d'autres services serveur (par ex. Apache ou IIS). Un m\u00e9lange de syst\u00e8me d'exploitation, comme Linux, Windows et macOS, d'un serveur web comme Apache et de PHP est appel\u00e9 LAMP pour Linux. Pour Windows, le paquet est appel\u00e9 WAMP et pour macOs, il est appel\u00e9 MAMP. Dans le projet XAMPP, des paquets sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s pour rendre inoffensifs les paquets provenant d'Internet. Ces versions ne sont toutefois utilisables que dans des environnements de test. Hypertext Preprocessor ne fonctionne en fait que dans un environnement de serveur web, de m\u00eame que PHP est soumis au HTTP. Chaque page PHP appel\u00e9e contribue \u00e0 la charge du serveur web. De plus, l'interpr\u00e9teur travaille en plus avec le texte source. Ainsi, la charge augmente et la vitesse de r\u00e9action diminue. Pour que la vitesse de r\u00e9action soit \u00e0 nouveau am\u00e9lior\u00e9e, diff\u00e9rents caches de bytecode sont mis \u00e0 disposition. Les caches sont mis \u00e0 disposition pour stocker temporairement le programme et acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer l'acc\u00e8s lors du prochain appel du fichier. Le programme PHP permet d'\u00e9crire des scripts qui sont orient\u00e9s ligne de commande. Ceux-ci sont en outre ind\u00e9pendants de l'internaute. Un autre logiciel libre utilisant le code PHP s'appelle depuis 2010 Hip-Hop. Celui-ci a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9 apr\u00e8s plusieurs ann\u00e9es de recherche par Facebook<\/a> a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour att\u00e9nuer la charge de 40% des serveurs de Facebook.<\/p>\n

Sessions avec le programme PHP<\/h3>\n

Dans une requ\u00eate HTTP, seules des variables ordinaires sont disponibles. Et uniquement les fichiers enregistr\u00e9s. Dans le champ d'application de la requ\u00eate, apr\u00e8s l'appel de la page, c'est-\u00e0-dire \u00e0 la fin Donn\u00e9es<\/a>ou encore la m\u00e9moire est effac\u00e9e. Lorsqu'un utilisateur envoie une site web<\/a> visit\u00e9s, cela repr\u00e9sente souvent plusieurs pages vues. Pour remplir un panier d'achat dans une boutique en ligne, on utilise des variables de session (session scope). PHP stocke des donn\u00e9es pour toutes les sessions, c'est une configuration standard (application scope). Celles-ci sont stock\u00e9es sur le serveur par d'autres moyens afin de ne pas perdre le contenu du panier virtuel \u00e0 chaque nouvelle page appel\u00e9e.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PHP ist die Abk\u00fcrzung f\u00fcr eine Skriptsprache namens Hypertext Preprocessor. Diese Abk\u00fcrzung PHP stand lange f\u00fcr Personal Home Page Tool, diese ist urspr\u00fcnglich so gewesen. Die Skriptsprache oder auch Programmiersprache ist Syntax angelehnt an Perl und C. Diese Programme sind f\u00fcr die Erstellung von dynamischen Webseiten und Webanwendungen unverzichtbar. Der Hypertext Preprocessor ist hierbei als 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