{"id":15647,"date":"2025-11-29T11:51:01","date_gmt":"2025-11-29T10:51:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/io-wait-verstehen-speicher-engpass-beheben-optimization\/"},"modified":"2025-11-29T11:51:01","modified_gmt":"2025-11-29T10:51:01","slug":"io-wait-%e3%82%92%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3%e3%81%99%e3%82%8b-%e3%83%a1%e3%83%a2%e3%83%aa%e3%83%9c%e3%83%88%e3%83%ab%e3%83%8d%e3%83%83%e3%82%af%e3%81%ae%e8%a7%a3%e6%b6%88-%e6%9c%80%e9%81%a9%e5%8c%96","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/ja\/io-wait-verstehen-speicher-engpass-beheben-optimization\/","title":{"rendered":"I\/O \u5f85\u6a5f\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\uff1a\u4f4e\u901f\u306e\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u304c\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306e\u901f\u5ea6\u3092\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3055\u305b\u308b\u5834\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>I\/O \u5f85\u6a5f\u30db\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0<\/strong> CPU \u304c\u4f4e\u901f\u306e\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u3092\u5f85\u6a5f\u3057\u3001\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u30b5\u30d6\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3067\u8981\u6c42\u304c\u6ede\u7559\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u3001\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u901f\u5ea6\u304c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002I\/O \u5f85\u6a5f\u6642\u9593\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3001\u30dc\u30c8\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001 <strong>\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u901f\u5ea6<\/strong> \u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u4e2d\u5fc3\u70b9<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n  <li><strong>I\/O\u5f85\u6a5f<\/strong> CPU \u304c\u4f4e\u901f\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u5f85\u6a5f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li><strong>\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5024<\/strong> \u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u3001IOPS\u3001\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u306e\u6df1\u3055\u306a\u3069\u304c\u901f\u5ea6\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li><strong>\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30c9<\/strong> SSD\/NVMe \u304a\u3088\u3073 RAID 10 \u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5f85\u3061\u6642\u9593\u304c\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u77ed\u7e2e\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li><strong>\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30f3\u30b0<\/strong> RAM\u3001Redis\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f Memcached \u306b\u4fdd\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u3092\u8efd\u6e1b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li><strong>\u30e2\u30cb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0<\/strong> iostat\/iotop \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u30dc\u30c8\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u65e9\u671f\u306b\u767a\u898b\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\">\n  <img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/server-io-wait-verstehen-6932.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"\/>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h2>I\/O\u5f85\u6a5f\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u7c21\u6f54\u304b\u3064\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u8aac\u660e<\/h2>\n\n<p>iowait \u5024\u304c\u4e0a\u6607\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001CPU \u306f <strong>\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30ad\u30e3\u30ea\u30a2<\/strong> \u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u306f\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u304c\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u307e\u305f\u306f\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u3001\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u306e\u5fdc\u7b54\u304c\u5341\u5206\u306b\u901f\u304f\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306b\u767a\u751f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u3001CPU \u306e\u30dc\u30c8\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u3068 I\/O \u306e\u30dc\u30c8\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002iowait \u304c\u306a\u3044\u72b6\u614b\u3067 CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u8a08\u7b97\u8ca0\u8377\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3001iowait \u5024\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8db3\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u304c\u9577\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001 <strong>\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30fc<\/strong> \u30ea\u30af\u30a8\u30b9\u30c8\u3054\u3068\u306b\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u3001\u5b9f\u52b9\u30b9\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u30c3\u30c8\u306f\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u540c\u6642 I\/O \u30ea\u30af\u30a8\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u591a\u3044\u307b\u3069\u3001\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u901f\u5ea6\u4f4e\u4e0b\u306f\u5404\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306e\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u75c7\u72b6<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u79c1\u306f\u307e\u305a\u3001I\/O\u306e\u554f\u984c\u304c\u52d5\u4f5c\u306e\u9045\u5ef6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6c17\u3065\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002 <strong>\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9<\/strong> API\u306e\u5fdc\u7b54\u6642\u9593\u304c\u9577\u304f\u3066\u9045\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3084\u30ed\u30b0\u3078\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3067Web\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u304c\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u3055\u308c\u3001cron\u30b8\u30e7\u30d6\u304c\u4e88\u5b9a\u3088\u308a\u9577\u304f\u5b9f\u884c\u3055\u308c\u3001\u30d0\u30c3\u30c1\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u304c\u591c\u9593\u306b\u5ef6\u671f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30e2\u30cb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u306e\u6df1\u3055\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u3001I\/O\u3054\u3068\u306e\u5f85\u3061\u6642\u9593\u304c\u76ee\u7acb\u3063\u3066\u9577\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308b\u3002CPU\u306f\u300c\u7a7a\u304d\u300d\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u304c\u3001\u30ea\u30af\u30a8\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u9045\u3044\u3002 <strong>\u30d7\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8<\/strong> \u8ffd\u3044\u3064\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3002\u307e\u3055\u306b\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u3001IOPS\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u306e\u9577\u3055\u306b\u6cbf\u3063\u305f\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8a3a\u65ad\u304c\u5f79\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\">\n  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/serverleistung_meeting_2048.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"\/>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h2>\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u6307\u6a19\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308b<\/h2>\n\n<p>iowait\u3001\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u3001IOPS\u3001\u30b9\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u30c3\u30c8\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073 <strong>\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u306e\u6df1\u3055<\/strong> iostat\u3001iotop\u3001vmstat\u3001sar \u306a\u3069\u306e\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u3068\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u306e\u500b\u5225\u306e\u5024\u306b\u95a2\u5fc3\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u30d1\u30b9\u306f\u3001\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u30dc\u30c8\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u79c1\u306f\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u306e 95 \u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u3068 99 \u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u3082\u89b3\u5bdf\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u304c\u591a\u3044\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3082\u3001\u5927\u304d\u306a\u30b7\u30fc\u30b1\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30e0\u3068\u306f\u52d5\u4f5c\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u30e1\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u76f8\u4e92\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u4ed8\u3051\u3066\u3001\u771f\u306e\u30dc\u30c8\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u6b21\u306e\u8868\u306f\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5024\u3092\u5206\u985e\u3057\u3001\u8fc5\u901f\u306b\u5224\u65ad\u3092\u4e0b\u3059\u306e\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<table>\n  <thead>\n    <tr>\n      <th><strong>\u6307\u6a19<\/strong><\/th>\n      <th><strong>\u57fa\u6e96\u5024<\/strong><\/th>\n      <th><strong>\u30d2\u30f3\u30c8<\/strong><\/th>\n      <th><strong>\u6b21\u306e\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7<\/strong><\/th>\n    <\/tr>\n  <\/thead>\n  <tbody>\n    <tr>\n      <td>iowait (%)<\/td>\n      <td>&gt; 10\uff5e15 %\uff08\u6570\u5206\u9593\uff09<\/td>\n      <td>CPU \u306f\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b I\/O \u3092\u5f85\u6a5f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/td>\n      <td>\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3092\u5897\u3084\u3059<\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>r_await \/ w_await (ms)<\/td>\n      <td>&gt; 5 \u30df\u30ea\u79d2 SSD\u3001&gt; 1 \u30df\u30ea\u79d2 NVMe<\/td>\n      <td>\u9ad8\u3044 <strong>\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30fc<\/strong> \u624b\u8853\u3054\u3068\u306b<\/td>\n      <td>I\/O\u30d1\u30b9\u3092\u77ed\u7e2e\u3057\u3001NVMe\u3092\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3059\u308b<\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>avgqu-sz<\/td>\n      <td>&gt; 1 \u6c38\u7d9a\u7684<\/td>\n      <td>\u5f85\u3061\u884c\u5217\u304c\u6df7\u96d1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/td>\n      <td>\u4e26\u5217\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u6291\u5236\u3057\u3001\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3059\u308b<\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>IOPS<\/td>\n      <td>\u4e88\u60f3\u3092\u5927\u304d\u304f\u4e0b\u56de\u308b<\/td>\n      <td>\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u304c\u5236\u9650\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059<\/td>\n      <td>\u30b9\u30b1\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\/\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\/RAID \u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b<\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>\u30b9\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u30c3\u30c8\uff08MB\/s\uff09<\/td>\n      <td>\u5927\u304d\u304f\u5909\u52d5\u3059\u308b<\/td>\n      <td>\u90aa\u9b54\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3082\u306e <strong>\u30b9\u30d1\u30a4\u30af<\/strong> \u76ee\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b<\/td>\n      <td>QoS\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3001\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30b0\u30e9\u30a6\u30f3\u30c9\u30b8\u30e7\u30d6\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30df\u30f3\u30b0\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n  <\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<h2>\u539f\u56e0\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u5206\u985e\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u3042\u307e\u308a\u306b\u3082\u591a\u304f\u306e\u4e26\u884c\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3092\u3088\u304f\u76ee\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 <strong>\u304a\u554f\u3044\u5408\u308f\u305b<\/strong> \u540c\u3058\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30ad\u30e3\u30ea\u30a2\u306b\u8ca0\u8377\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e0d\u9069\u5207\u306a\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\uff08SSD\/NVMe \u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f HDD\uff09\u306f\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5c0f\u3055\u306a I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30c6\u30a3\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u906d\u9047\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u304c\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u3060\u3068\u3001\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u3067\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u304c\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3053\u306e\u554f\u984c\u304c\u3055\u3089\u306b\u6df1\u523b\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002RAM \u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u304c\u4e0d\u8db3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3001\u30db\u30c3\u30c8\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3082\u3001\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306f\u5e38\u306b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u305b\u3056\u308b\u3092\u5f97\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u306e\u306a\u3044 RAID \u30ec\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u3084\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30e9\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u30e0\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306b\u6b20\u9665\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3082\u3001\u9045\u5ef6\u304c\u9855\u8457\u306b\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\">\n  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/io-wait-server-speicherproblem-8391.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"\/>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h2>\u5f85\u3061\u6642\u9593\u304c\u9577\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306e\u7dca\u6025\u63aa\u7f6e<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u307e\u305a\u3001\u904e\u5270\u306a\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u524a\u6e1b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 <strong>\u30d1\u30e9\u30ec\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0<\/strong> \u30b8\u30e7\u30d6\u3001\u30ef\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u63a5\u7d9a\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3084 InnoDB \u30d0\u30c3\u30d5\u30a1\u30d7\u30fc\u30eb\u306a\u3069\u306e\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u306e RAM \u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3092\u5897\u3084\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002RAID \u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30e9\u3067\uff08BBU \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u305f\uff09\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3001\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u901f\u306b\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u304a\u3088\u3073 ETL \u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u6642\u9593\u304b\u3089\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u3001\u30ed\u30b0\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u5206\u96e2\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u3001\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30af\u306e\u52b9\u7387\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3068\u30d0\u30c3\u30c1\u306e\u7c92\u5ea6\u3092\u6700\u9069\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30c9\uff1aHDD\u3001SSD\u3001NVMe \u306e\u3069\u308c\u3092\u9078\u3076\u3079\u304d\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u3092\u9078\u3076\u3002 <strong>\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc<\/strong> \u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u3088\u308b\uff1a\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u304c\u591a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f NVMe \u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3001\u5927\u304d\u306a\u30b7\u30fc\u30b1\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30e0\u306f SSD \u3067\u5341\u5206\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3067\u304d\u3001\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306f HDD \u306b\u6b8b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6700\u65b0\u306e NVMe \u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u306f\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u4f4e\u3044\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u3067 IOPS \u3092\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u5897\u52a0\u3055\u305b\u3001iowait \u3092\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u77ed\u7e2e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e88\u7b97\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3092 NVMe \u306b\u3001\u4e8c\u6b21\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092 SSD\/HDD \u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6bd4\u8f03\u304c\u53c2\u8003\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 <a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/ja\/nvme-ssd-hdd-%e3%82%a6%e3%82%a7%e3%83%96%e3%83%9b%e3%82%b9%e3%83%86%e3%82%a3%e3%83%b3%e3%82%b0-%e6%af%94%e8%bc%83-%e3%83%91%e3%83%95%e3%82%a9%e3%83%bc%e3%83%9e%e3%83%b3%e3%82%b9-%e3%82%b3%e3%82%b9\/\">NVMe \u5bfe SSD \u5bfe HDD<\/a> \u6280\u8853\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3001\u52b9\u679c\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u304c\u6700\u3082\u6c17\u306b\u3059\u308b\u5f85\u3061\u6642\u9593\u3092\u77ed\u7e2e\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3093\u3060\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\">\n  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/iowait_serverlast_techoffice_3482.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"\/>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h2>RAID \u3068\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3092\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306b\u6d3b\u7528\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u79c1\u306f <strong>\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9<\/strong> RAID 10 \u306f\u3001\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u304a\u3088\u3073\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u901f\u306b\u51e6\u7406\u3057\u3001\u5197\u9577\u6027\u3092\u5099\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002RAID 5\/6 \u306f\u3001\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u306e\u30da\u30ca\u30eb\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u304c\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u3001\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u8ca0\u8377\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3067\u3088\u308a\u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30d0\u30c3\u30c6\u30ea\u30fc\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30e9\u3067\u5b89\u5168\u306a\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3057\u3001\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u9ad8\u901f\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001Redis \u3084 Memcached \u306f\u3001\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u5185\u306e\u983b\u7e41\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3078\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u9ad8\u901f\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u3092\u8efd\u6e1b\u3057\u3001iowait \u3092\u6301\u7d9a\u7684\u306b\u4f4e\u6e1b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3068I\/O\u30b9\u30b1\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u3092\u9069\u5207\u306b\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u79c1\u306f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u96c6\u7d04\u578b\u306e <strong>\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9<\/strong> XFS \u306f\u3001\u512a\u308c\u305f\u4e26\u5217\u51e6\u7406\u3068\u5805\u7262\u306a\u30e1\u30bf\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u7ba1\u7406\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002ZFS \u306f\u3001\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u30b5\u30e0\u3001\u30b9\u30ca\u30c3\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8\u3001\u5727\u7e2e\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3001\u5341\u5206\u306a RAM \u3092\u7528\u610f\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002Ext4 \u306f\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u306a\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3067\u306f\u5805\u5b9f\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u591a\u304f\u306e inode \u3084\u4e26\u5217\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30e0\u3067\u306f\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u304c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 SSD \u3067\u306f Deadline \u307e\u305f\u306f None\/None \u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306e\u30b9\u30b1\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001HDD \u3067\u306f CFQ \u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306e\u30b9\u30b1\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30ea\u30fc\u30c9\u30a2\u30d8\u30c3\u30c9\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u306e\u6df1\u3055\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306b\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u614e\u91cd\u306b\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\">\n  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/io-wait-developer-arbeitsplatz3917.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"\/>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h2>\u968e\u5c64\u5316\u3001QoS\u3001\u512a\u5148\u9806\u4f4d<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u79c1\u306f\u9ad8\u901fNVMe\u3092\u30db\u30c3\u30c8\u306a\u7528\u9014\u306b\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 <strong>\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf<\/strong> SSD\/HDD \u3092\u30b3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u7528\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a\u771f\u306e\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u968e\u5c64\u5316\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u5834\u9762\u3067\u6700\u9ad8\u306e\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u306b\u8cbb\u7528\u3092\u304b\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u5834\u9762\u3067\u305d\u306e\u6069\u6075\u3092\u4eab\u53d7\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002QoS \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5e2f\u57df\u5e45\u3092\u5927\u91cf\u306b\u6d88\u8cbb\u3059\u308b\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30b0\u30e9\u30a6\u30f3\u30c9\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3057\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u5b89\u5b9a\u6027\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u306a\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 <a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/ja\/%e3%83%8f%e3%82%a4%e3%83%96%e3%83%aa%e3%83%83%e3%83%89%e3%83%bb%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88%e3%83%ac%e3%83%bc%e3%82%b8-%e3%83%9b%e3%82%b9%e3%83%86%e3%82%a3%e3%83%b3%e3%82%b0-nvme-ssd-hdd-%e3%83%86%e3%82%a3\/\">\u30cf\u30a4\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8<\/a> \u304a\u3088\u3073\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30e9\u30a4\u30d5\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001iowait \u3092\u4f4e\u304f\u6291\u3048\u3001\u8ca0\u8377\u304c\u304b\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u4e88\u671f\u305b\u306c\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3092\u9632\u304e\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u6574\u7406<\/h2>\n\n<p>I\/O \u3092\u7bc0\u7d04\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001 <strong>\u30af\u30a8\u30ea<\/strong> \u53b3\u683c\u3067\u9069\u5207\u306a\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002N+1 \u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001\u7d50\u5408\u3092\u6700\u9069\u5316\u3057\u3001\u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u524a\u6e1b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u98fd\u548c\u3055\u305b\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u30d0\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u30d0\u30c3\u30c1\u51e6\u7406\u3068\u975e\u540c\u671f\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5e73\u6e96\u5316\u3057\u3001\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u6642\u306b\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30ea\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u540c\u6642\u306b\u5360\u6709\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3092\u9632\u304e\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30ed\u30b0\u306f\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u3001\u30ed\u30fc\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u9ad8\u901f\u5316\u3057\u3001\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u306e\u8981\u4ef6\u304c\u8a31\u3059\u9650\u308a\u3001\u540c\u671f\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u6700\u5c0f\u9650\u306b\u6291\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u30e2\u30cb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u6226\u7565\u3068\u30b9\u30de\u30fc\u30c8\u30a2\u30e9\u30fc\u30c8<\/h2>\n\n<p>iowait\u3001\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u3001avgqu-sz\u3001IOPS\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073 <strong>\u30b9\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u30c3\u30c8<\/strong>. \u3002\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u304c\u96c6\u4e2d\u529b\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3001\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u306a\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u306e\u307f\u30a2\u30e9\u30fc\u30e0\u3092\u767a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u3092\u8fc5\u901f\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3001\u30c0\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u306f\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30fc\u3001\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u7387\u3054\u3068\u306b\u5206\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30ea\u30af\u30a8\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u306b\u6700\u3082\u8ca0\u8377\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u30d1\u30b9\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30fc\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u306f\u3001 <a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/ja\/%e3%83%9e%e3%82%a4%e3%82%af%e3%83%ad%e3%83%ac%e3%82%a4%e3%83%86%e3%83%b3%e3%82%b7%e3%83%bc%e3%83%9b%e3%82%b9%e3%83%86%e3%82%a3%e3%83%b3%e3%82%b0%e6%9c%80%e9%81%a9%e5%8c%96%e3%83%87%e3%83%bc%e3%82%bf\/\">\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30fc\u30db\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0<\/a>, \u53cd\u5fdc\u6642\u9593\u3092\u5168\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u77ed\u7e2e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u5b9f\u8df5\uff1a\u8a3a\u65ad\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u3081\u308b<\/h2>\n\n<p>I\/O \u5f85\u3061\u6642\u9593\u3092\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306a\u624b\u9806\u3067\u9032\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305a\u3001vmstat \u304a\u3088\u3073 sar \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u3001iowait \u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3001\u307e\u305f\u540c\u6642\u306b\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u30b9\u30a4\u30c3\u30c1\u3068 SoftIRQ \u304c\u9855\u8457\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u8abf\u3079\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6b21\u306b\u3001iostat -x \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u3054\u3068\u306b r_await\/w_await \u304a\u3088\u3073 avgqu-sz \u304c\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u6b21\u306b\u3001iotop\/pidstat -d \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6700\u3082\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30d0\u30a4\u30c8\u3092\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u6700\u3082\u9577\u3044\u5f85\u6a5f\u6642\u9593\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n  <li>tmpfs \u306b\u3088\u308b\u7c21\u6613\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\uff1a\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092 tmpfs\/RAM \u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30af\u3067\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u7684\u306b\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u304c\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30ad\u30e3\u30ea\u30a2\u304c\u30dc\u30c8\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li>dmesg\/smartctl \u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\uff1a\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3001\u30ea\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u3001\u518d\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u304c\u983b\u7e41\u306b\u767a\u751f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30b1\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u63a5\u7d9a\u306b\u554f\u984c\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li>Read \u3068 Write \u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\uff1a\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u304c\u4f4e\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306b w_await \u304c\u9577\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30e9\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3001\u30d0\u30ea\u30a2\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u540c\u671f\u8ca0\u8377\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3068\u4e26\u884c\u6027\u3001\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\/\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30e9\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30ad\u30e3\u30ea\u30a2\u3092\u8fc5\u901f\u306b\u5206\u96e2\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u3092\u76f2\u76ee\u7684\u306b\u5909\u66f4\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30bb\u30b0\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3054\u3068\u306b\u6700\u9069\u5316\u3092\u884c\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u4eee\u60f3\u5316\u3068\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\uff1a\u30ce\u30a4\u30ba\u306e\u591a\u3044\u96a3\u4eba\u3092\u548c\u3089\u3052\u308b<\/h2>\n\n<p>VM \u304a\u3088\u3073\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5171\u6709\u30ea\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3057\u3066\u5e38\u306b iowait \u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30aa\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30d6\u30c3\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30cf\u30a4\u30d1\u30fc\u30d0\u30a4\u30b6\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u30b2\u30b9\u30c8 CPU \u304c\u300c\u7a7a\u304d\u300d\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u898b\u3048\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5909\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u3092\u767a\u751f\u3055\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4eee\u60f3\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9 (virtio\u3001\u30a8\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u305f SCSI) \u304a\u3088\u3073\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u306f\u3001\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u5c64\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u79c1\u306f\u3001\u5c02\u7528\u306e IOPS\/\u30b9\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u4fdd\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u30d0\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u591a\u3044\u30b8\u30e7\u30d6\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3057\u3001\u8ca0\u8377\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u30db\u30b9\u30c8\u9593\u3067\u5206\u6563\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n  <li>cgroups\/\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\uff1aio.weight \u307e\u305f\u306f io.max \u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30b5\u30d6\u30b8\u30e7\u30d6\u304c\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u300c\u4f7f\u3044\u679c\u305f\u3059\u300d\u3053\u3068\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li>StorageClass\/Volumes: \u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\uff08\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u5bfe\u30b7\u30fc\u30b1\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\uff09\u306b\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u3001\u30ed\u30b0\/WAL \u3092\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li>VirtIO\/NVMe\uff1a\u79c1\u306f\u6700\u65b0\u306e\u6e96\u4eee\u60f3\u5316\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d0\u3092\u597d\u307f\u3001\u904e\u8ca0\u8377\u306e\u306a\u3044\u6700\u5927\u9650\u306e\u4e26\u5217\u6027\u3092\u5b9f\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001vCPU \u3054\u3068\u306e\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u6570\u3092\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\">\n  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/server-io-wait-latenz-8193.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"\/>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h2>OS\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306e\u30c1\u30e5\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u614e\u91cd\u306b\u884c\u3046<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u3042\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u3067\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u904e\u5ea6\u306b\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306a\u30c1\u30e5\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u554f\u984c\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u3067\u6587\u66f8\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u624b\u9806\u304b\u3089\u59cb\u3081\u3001\u305d\u306e\u9593\u306b\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3092\u884c\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n  <li>Writeback: vm.dirty_background_ratio \u304a\u3088\u3073 vm.dirty_ratio \u3092\u5236\u9650\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u304c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u65e9\u671f\u306b\u6574\u7136\u3068\u3057\u305f\u30d0\u30c3\u30c1\u3067\u66f8\u304d\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u30d0\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u5e73\u6ed1\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li>\u5148\u8aad\u307f\uff1a\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u3054\u3068\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u5148\u8aad\u307f\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u3057\uff08\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3067\u306f\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u3001\u9806\u6b21\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3067\u306f\u5927\u304d\u304f\uff09\u3001\u4e0d\u8981\u306a\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u304c\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li>\u30b9\u30b1\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\/blk-mq\uff1aNVMe \u3067\u306f\u300cnone\u300d\/mq \u6700\u9069\u5316\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3001HDD \u3067\u306f\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u3092\u91cd\u8996\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u3054\u3068\u3001CPU \u3054\u3068\u306b\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u306e\u6df1\u3055\u304c\u9069\u5207\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li>IRQ\/NUMA\uff1aNVMe \u5272\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3092\u30b3\u30a2\u306b\u5206\u6563\uff08IRQ \u30a2\u30d5\u30a3\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\uff09\u3001\u30af\u30ed\u30b9 NUMA \u30c8\u30e9\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u56de\u907f\u3001\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u3068\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u300c\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u300d\u306b\u4fdd\u6301\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li>CPU\u30ac\u30d0\u30ca\u30fc\uff1a\u79c1\u306f\u901a\u5e38\u3001\u5468\u6ce2\u6570\u5909\u66f4\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>\u30de\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u8a73\u7d30<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u9069\u5207\u306a\u30de\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u4e0d\u8981\u306a I\/O \u3092\u524a\u6e1b\u3057\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u90e8\u5206\u3067\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002relatime\/noatime \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3001Atime \u306e\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u524a\u6e1b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002SSD \u3067\u306f\u3001\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u304c discard \u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7d99\u7d9a\u7684\u306a discard \u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u306a fstrim \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306f\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30b3\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u9593\u9694\u3092\u77ed\u304f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u8010\u4e45\u6027\u304c\u5411\u4e0a\u3057\u3001\u9577\u304f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u901f\u5ea6\u304c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n  <li>Ext4: data=ordered \u306f\u512a\u308c\u305f\u6a19\u6e96\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001lazytime \u306f\u30e1\u30bf\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u8ca0\u8377\u3092\u8efd\u6e1b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li>XFS: \u30e1\u30bf\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u304c\u30dc\u30c8\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u3001\u30ed\u30b0\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\uff08\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\/\u30d0\u30c3\u30d5\u30a1\uff09\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3092\u6255\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li>ZFS\uff1a\u5341\u5206\u306a ARC \u3092\u8a08\u753b\u3057\u3001\u30ec\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3092\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306b\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u540c\u671f\u30dd\u30ea\u30b7\u30fc\u306f\u614e\u91cd\u306b\u9078\u629e\u3057\u3001\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u305f\u4ed8\u52a0\u4fa1\u5024\u304c\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306e\u307f SLOG \u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>\u30d9\u30f3\u30c1\u30de\u30fc\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\uff1a\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3001\u597d\u6761\u4ef6\u3060\u3051\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u53cd\u6620\u3057\u305f FIO \u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002OLTP \u306b\u306f 4k\/8k\u3001\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30e0\u306b\u306f 64k\/1M \u306e\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3001\u6df7\u5408\u306e\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\/\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u6bd4\u7387\u3001\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u306e\u6df1\u3055\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u300c\u30b3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u300d\u5b9f\u884c\u3068\u300c\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u300d\u5b9f\u884c\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3057\u3001SSD \u3092\u4e8b\u524d\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u3001\u6700\u521d\u306e\u6570\u79d2\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5b9a\u5e38\u72b6\u614b\u3082\u8003\u616e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u300295\/99 \u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3053\u304c\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u30a8\u30af\u30b9\u30da\u30ea\u30a8\u30f3\u30b9\u306e\u771f\u4fa1\u304c\u767a\u63ee\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5834\u6240\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n  <li>\u30b7\u30f3\u30b0\u30eb\u30d1\u30b9\u5bfe\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30b8\u30e7\u30d6\uff1a\u307e\u305a\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u3054\u3068\u306b\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3057\u3001\u6b21\u306b\u4e26\u884c\u3057\u3066\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3068\u5e72\u6e09\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li>\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\uff1a\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3092\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3001RAM\u30d2\u30c3\u30c8\u3068\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306e\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li>A\/B\uff1a\u6700\u9069\u5316\u524d\u3068\u6700\u9069\u5316\u5f8c\u3092\u540c\u3058\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u8a18\u9332\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6539\u5584\u304c\u9593\u9055\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>\u6697\u53f7\u5316\u3001\u5727\u7e2e\u3001\u91cd\u8907\u6392\u9664<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u6697\u53f7\u5316\u30ec\u30a4\u30e4\u30fc\u3068\u5727\u7e2e\u306f I\/O \u7279\u6027\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002dm-crypt\/LUKS \u306f\u3001\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30e9\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306a\u3057\u3067\u306f\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u3092\u5897\u52a0\u3055\u305b\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001AES-NI \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001CPU \u8ca0\u8377\u306f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u9069\u5ea6\u306a\u307e\u307e\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u8efd\u91cf\u306a\u5727\u7e2e\uff08LZ4 \u306a\u3069\uff09\u306f I\/O \u91cf\u3092\u524a\u6e1b\u3057\u3001CPU \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u7279\u306b\u4f4e\u901f\u306e\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u9ad8\u901f\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u91cd\u8907\u6392\u9664\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u306f\u30e1\u30bf\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u5897\u52a0\u3055\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa\u306b\u306f\u9069\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u30ec\u30a4\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u306a OLTP \u306b\u306f\u3042\u307e\u308a\u9069\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u3001\u30e1\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u30f3\u30b9\u3001\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30b0\u30e9\u30a6\u30f3\u30c9\u30b8\u30e7\u30d6\u3092\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u3001\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u3001\u30ed\u30fc\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u3001SLO \u306b\u9055\u53cd\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u8a08\u753b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30b9\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3057\u3001ionice\/nice \u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u9577\u3044\u5b9f\u884c\u3092\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u7d99\u7d9a\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u306b\u5206\u5272\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30b9\u30ca\u30c3\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u306f\u3001\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u3068 I\/O \u8ca0\u8377\u3092\u8efd\u6e1b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30ed\u30b0\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30d0\u30c3\u30d5\u30a1\u3068\u5c02\u7528\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3001\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u306e\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u304c\u672c\u756a\u30c8\u30e9\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u60aa\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n  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