{"id":20196,"date":"2026-07-31T15:05:59","date_gmt":"2026-07-31T13:05:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/journalctl-fehleranalyse-linux-server-logging-optimierung-diagnose\/"},"modified":"2026-07-31T15:05:59","modified_gmt":"2026-07-31T13:05:59","slug":"journalctl-%e3%82%a8%e3%83%a9%e3%83%bc%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90-linux-%e3%82%b5%e3%83%bc%e3%83%90%e3%83%bc-%e3%83%ad%e3%82%ae%e3%83%b3%e3%82%b0-%e6%9c%80%e9%81%a9%e5%8c%96-%e8%a8%ba%e6%96%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/ja\/journalctl-fehleranalyse-linux-server-logging-optimierung-diagnose\/","title":{"rendered":"journalctl \u306e\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306a\u6d3b\u7528\uff1aLinux \u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u5206\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u3092\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u3057\u305f\u3002 <strong>journalctl<\/strong> \u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u5206\u6790\u3092\u7684\u78ba\u306b\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u3001\u8d77\u52d5\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u30fb\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u30fb\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u30ed\u30b0\u3092\u3001\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u3001\u512a\u5148\u5ea6\u3001\u6642\u523b\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u51fa\u529b\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073 <strong>\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0<\/strong> \u539f\u56e0\u3092\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u4fee\u6b63\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u8a18\u9332\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u4e2d\u5fc3\u70b9<\/h2>\n<ul>\n  <li><strong>\u4e2d\u592e\u30ed\u30b0<\/strong> \u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3001\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u306e\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u30921\u3064\u306e\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u96c6\u7d04\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li><strong>\u30bf\u30fc\u30b2\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u7d5e\u3063\u305f\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc<\/strong> \u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u3001\u512a\u5148\u5ea6\u3001\u30d6\u30fc\u30c8\u3001\u6642\u9593\u3054\u3068\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u8a3a\u65ad\u3092\u8fc5\u901f\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li><strong>\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u8868\u793a<\/strong> journalctl -f \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5909\u66f4\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u691c\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li><strong>\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u51fa\u529b<\/strong> JSON \u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u3084\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u6d3b\u7528\u304c\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li><strong>\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb\u306e\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong> \u300cVacuum\u300d\u3068\u300cRotation\u300d\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u3057\u3063\u304b\u308a\u3068\u7ba1\u7406\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\">\n  <img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/linux-serveranalyse-7451.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"\/>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h2>journalctl\u306e\u30e6\u30cb\u30fc\u30af\u306a\u70b9<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u79c1\u306f\u3053\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002 <strong>journalctl<\/strong> systemd\u306e\u30d0\u30a4\u30ca\u30ea\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30bf\u30fc\u30df\u30ca\u30eb\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3001\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u3001\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u306e\u30ed\u30b0\u3092\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u306e\u3042\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u512a\u5148\u5ea6\u3001\u30d6\u30fc\u30c8ID\u3001\u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u3001PID\u3001\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30d7\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u3001`\/var\/log` \u914d\u4e0b\u306b\u6563\u5728\u3059\u308b\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u500b\u5225\u306b\u8abf\u3079\u308b\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3001\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092\u7684\u78ba\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002 <code>\/var\/log<\/code> \u3092\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7279\u306b\u4fa1\u5024\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3046\u306e\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u306e\u3042\u308b <strong>\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u30fb\u30ed\u30b8\u30c3\u30af<\/strong>, \u3053\u308c\u306f\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u305f\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u306e\u3042\u308b\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u3092\u5b9f\u73fe\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30d6\u30fc\u30c8\u30bb\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u500b\u5225\u306b\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u554f\u984c\u304c\u8d77\u52d5\u6642\u3001\u5b9f\u884c\u6642\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u5185\u3067\u767a\u751f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7d20\u65e9\u304f\u7279\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u8996\u70b9\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30ce\u30a4\u30ba\u304c\u4f4e\u6e1b\u3055\u308c\u3001\u6709\u7528\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u969b\u7acb\u3061\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30b7\u30c7\u30f3\u30c8\u5bfe\u5fdc\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u610f\u601d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u304c\u8fc5\u901f\u5316\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30af\u30a4\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30c8<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u6982\u8981\u3092\u7d20\u65e9\u304f\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3001\u307e\u305a\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u304b\u3089\u59cb\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002 <strong>journalctl<\/strong> \u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u305b\u305a\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6700\u65b0\u306e\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ea\u3092\u6700\u521d\u306b\u8868\u793a\u3057\u305f\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 <code>journalctl -r<\/code>, \u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6700\u65b0\u306e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u7c21\u6f54\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u306f <code>journalctl -n 200<\/code>. \u518d\u8d77\u52d5\u6642\u3084\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u4e2d\u306e\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u691c\u8a3c\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 <code>journalctl -f<\/code> \u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u77e5\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 <strong>\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0<\/strong> \u30a2\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u5b9f\u884c\u6642\u3002\u3088\u308a\u8a73\u7d30\u306a\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u884c\u3046\u305f\u3081\u3001\u30ed\u30b0\u5206\u6790\u306b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u3082\u4f75\u305b\u3066\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 <a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/ja\/%e3%83%9b%e3%82%b9%e3%83%86%e3%82%a3%e3%83%b3%e3%82%b0%e3%83%bb%e3%83%ad%e3%82%b0%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90-%e3%82%a8%e3%83%a9%e3%83%bc%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90-%e3%83%91%e3%83%95%e3%82%a9%e3%83%bc%e3%83%9e%e3%83%b3\/\">\u30db\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30ed\u30b0\u5206\u6790<\/a> \u3002\u305d\u3046\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u8a3a\u65ad\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb\u3092\u77ed\u304f\u4fdd\u3061\u3001\u624b\u63a2\u308a\u306e\u4f5c\u696d\u3092\u907f\u3051\u3001\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u90e8\u5206\u3060\u3051\u3092\u8a18\u9332\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\">\n  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/journalctl_analyse_meeting_3892.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"\/>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h2>\u8d77\u52d5\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3067\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u79c1\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u8d77\u52d5\u6642\u306e\u554f\u984c\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 <strong>journalctl -b<\/strong>, \u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u3082\u3001\u305d\u3046\u3059\u308c\u3070\u524d\u56de\u306e\u518d\u8d77\u52d5\u4ee5\u964d\u306e\u30ed\u30b0\u306e\u307f\u304c\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306e\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u30c7\u30fc\u30c8\u5f8c\u306b\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 <code>journalctl --list-boots<\/code> \u30d6\u30fc\u30c8ID\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u7d5e\u3063\u3066\u958b\u304f <code>journalctl -b -1<\/code> \u6216\u3044\u306f <code>-b -2<\/code>. \u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u306f <code>journalctl -k -b<\/code> \u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5236\u9650\u3057\u307e\u3059 <code>-p err<\/code> \u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u306b\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u30ce\u30a4\u30ba\u3092\u4f4e\u6e1b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8d77\u52d5\u6642\u306e\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u4e0d\u8db3\uff09\u3068\u5b9f\u884c\u6642\u306e\u554f\u984c\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u30ea\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u4e0d\u8db3\uff09\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6642\u9593\u8ef8\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u5206\u96e2\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001 <strong>\u5206\u6790\u6642\u9593<\/strong> \u307e\u305f\u3001\u518d\u8d77\u52d5\u5f8c\u306b\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u901a\u77e5\u3092\u898b\u9003\u3059\u306e\u3092\u9632\u304e\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u3068\u512a\u5148\u9806\u4f4d\u3092\u7684\u78ba\u306b\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u672c\u8cea\u3092\u898b\u6975\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b <strong>\u5358\u4f4d<\/strong> \u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066 <code>journalctl -u nginx.service -b<\/code> \u6216\u3044\u306f <code>-u sshd.service<\/code>. \u6025\u306a\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3059\u308b <code>-p err<\/code> \u6216\u3044\u306f <code>-p \u8b66\u544a\u2026\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc<\/code>, \u3001\u305d\u3046\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u901a\u77e5\u306e\u307f\u304c\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u3084\u512a\u5148\u5ea6\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 <code>--\u300c30\u5206\u524d\u300d\u304b\u3089\"<\/code>, \u3001\u969c\u5bb3\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u305f\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u671f\u9593\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3059\u3002Web\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001TLS\u3084\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30a8\u30f3\u30c9\u3001\u6a29\u9650\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u901a\u77e5\u306a\u3069\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3082\u4f75\u7528\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u691c\u7d22\u306f\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u3066\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u7d5e\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001 <strong>\u4fe1\u53f7<\/strong> \u30ce\u30a4\u30ba\u3092\u4f4e\u6e1b\u3057\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u8a3a\u65ad\u3092\u8fc5\u901f\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\">\n  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/journalctl-fehleranalyse-linux-8724.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"\/>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h2>\u6642\u9593\u67a0\u3068\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u79c1\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3067\u671f\u9593\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3059 <strong>\u2013since<\/strong> \u305d\u3057\u3066 <strong>\u2013until<\/strong>\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 <code>journalctl --since \"2024-01-01\" --until \"2024-01-02\"<\/code>, \u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u76f8\u5bfe\u7684\u306b\u8a00\u3048\u3070 <code>--\u300c1\u6642\u9593\u524d\u300d\u304b\u3089\"<\/code>. \u3053\u306e\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u6a5f\u80fd\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u3084\u30d1\u30c3\u30c1\u9069\u7528\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u8a08\u753b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5909\u66f4\u306b\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u9069\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u306a\u305c\u306a\u3089\u3001\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u5206\u5358\u4f4d\u306e\u6642\u9593\u5e2f\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u306f\u3001\u96a3\u63a5\u3059\u308b2\u3064\u306e\u6642\u9593\u67a0\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5dee\u7570\u3084\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u304c\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u30ce\u30fc\u30c8\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u5185\u3067\u30ad\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u3084\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3057\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u306b\u985e\u4f3c\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b7\u30c7\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u3088\u308a\u8fc5\u901f\u306b\u8a8d\u8b58\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3001\u518d\u5229\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u306a <strong>\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9<\/strong> \u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u3001\u30ad\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u3001\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u30ec\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u8fc5\u901f\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u51fa\u529b\u5f62\u5f0f\u3068\u7d71\u5408<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u3084\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30ed\u30b0\u3092\u51fa\u529b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 <strong>JSON<\/strong> \u306a\u3069\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 <code>journalctl -o json<\/code> \u6216\u3044\u306f <code>-o json-pretty<\/code>. \u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u89e3\u6790\u3057\u3001\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ea\u306e\u307f\u3092\u4fdd\u5b58\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u9001\u4fe1\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30e0\u3092\u4e00\u5143\u7684\u306b\u7d71\u5408\u3067\u304d\u6b21\u7b2c\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u8a08\u753b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 <a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/ja\/%e3%83%ad%e3%82%b0%e9%9b%86%e7%b4%84-%e3%83%9b%e3%82%b9%e3%83%86%e3%82%a3%e3%83%b3%e3%82%b0-%e3%82%b5%e3%83%bc%e3%83%90%e3%83%bc%e6%9c%80%e9%81%a9%e5%8c%96-%e3%82%a4%e3%83%b3%e3%82%b5%e3%82%a4\/\">\u30ed\u30b0\u96c6\u8a08<\/a> \u591a\u6570\u306e\u30db\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3002\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u5185\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u7121\u52b9\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 <code>--no-pager<\/code> \u30dd\u30b1\u30c3\u30c8\u30d9\u30eb\u3092\u64cd\u4f5c\u3057\u3001\u51fa\u529b\u3092\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u306b\u8ee2\u9001\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 <code>jq<\/code>, <code>\u30a2\u30c3\u30af<\/code> \u6216\u3044\u306f <code>\u30b0\u30ec\u30c3\u30d7<\/code>. \u3053\u306e\u9053\u306f\u79c1\u306e <strong>\u30aa\u30fc\u30c8\u30e1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3<\/strong> \u30b7\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u3067\u3001\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u884c\u3046\u4f5c\u696d\u306e\u6642\u9593\u3092\u7bc0\u7d04\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\">\n  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/journalctl_effektiv_linux_2903.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"\/>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h2>\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u3068\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u3055\u3089\u306b\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u8abf\u3079\u305f\u3044\u3068\u304d\u306f\u3001 <strong>\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc<\/strong> \u540c\u8a8c\u306e\u3002\u305d\u306e\u307b\u304b\u3001 <code>-u<\/code> \u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f <code>_PID=<\/code>, <code>_UID=<\/code>, <code>_GID=<\/code>, <code>_COMM=<\/code> (\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u540d), <code>_EXE=<\/code> \uff08\u5b9f\u884c\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\uff09\u3001, <code>SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=<\/code> \uff08\u756a\u7d44\u8b58\u5225\u756a\u53f7\uff09\u304a\u3088\u3073 <code>_SYSTEMD_UNIT=<\/code> \u7279\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3064\u3002\u4f8b\uff1a <code>journalctl SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=nginx<\/code>, <code>journalctl _PID=1234<\/code> \u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066 <code>journalctl _SYSTEMD_UNIT=nginx.service _UID=33 --since \"15\u5206\u524d\"<\/code>. \u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u3069\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u304c\u3001\u3044\u3064\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6a29\u9650\u3067\u7570\u5e38\u3092\u691c\u77e5\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u306b\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 <strong>\u2013grep<\/strong> \u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c <strong>-g<\/strong>, \u3001\u6b63\u898f\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 <code>journalctl -u nginx -g \"denied|timeout|TLS\"<\/code>. \u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u307e\u305a\u6642\u9593\u3001\u30d6\u30fc\u30c8\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u512a\u5148\u5ea6\u3067\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u691c\u7d22\u3092\u9ad8\u901f\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 <code>-e<\/code> \u305d\u306e\u53f7\u306e\u6700\u5f8c\u3078\u30b8\u30e3\u30f3\u30d7\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6700\u65b0\u306e\u691c\u7d22\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u3059\u3050\u306b\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30d6\u30fc\u30c8\u30bb\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001 <code>_BOOT_ID=<\/code> \u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u3001\u5b9a\u756a\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067 <code>journalctl -b -1<\/code>. \u6642\u9593\u3092\u624b\u77ed\u306b\u4f1d\u3048\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306f\u3001\u7565\u8a9e\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u306e\u304c\u597d\u304d\u3067\u3059 <code>-S<\/code> \u305d\u3057\u3066 <code>-U<\/code> \u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b <code>--since<\/code> \u305d\u3057\u3066 <code>--until<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u6c38\u7d9a\u6027\u3001\u6a29\u9650\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u4e0a\u3067 <strong>Reboots\u306e\u5f8c<\/strong> \u4fe1\u983c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5c65\u6b74\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u6c38\u7d9a\u5316\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001 <code>\/etc\/systemd\/journald.conf<\/code> <code>Storage=persistent<\/code> \u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u304c <code>\/var\/log\/journal<\/code> \u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u884c <code>systemd-journald<\/code> \u65b0\u898f (<code>sudo systemctl restart systemd-journald<\/code>). \u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3084\u4fdd\u7ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u53c2\u8003\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 <code>SystemMaxUse=1G<\/code>, <code>RuntimeMaxUse=200M<\/code>, <code>SystemMaxFileSize=100M<\/code> \u304a\u3088\u3073\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3 <code>MaxRetentionSec=30\u65e5<\/code>. \u3053\u3046\u3057\u3066\u30d0\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 <strong>\u6b74\u53f2<\/strong> \u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u306b\u3082\u4e88\u671f\u305b\u306c\u4e8b\u614b\u306f\u8d77\u3053\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066 <strong>\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u6a29<\/strong> \u6a29\u9650\u306e\u3042\u308b\u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u307f\u304c\u30ed\u30b0\u3092\u95b2\u89a7\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u3067\u306f\u3001root\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3059\u3079\u3066\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u3067\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u306b\u306f\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7 <code>systemd-journal<\/code>, \u3001\u6587\u8108\u304c\u8a31\u3059\u9650\u308a\u3002\u5916\u90e8\u306b\u629c\u7c8b\u3092\u5171\u6709\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306f\u3001\u6a5f\u5bc6\u60c5\u5831\uff08IP\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u3084\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u540d\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u533f\u540d\u5316\u3057\u3001\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u30a8\u30af\u30b9\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff1a <code>journalctl -u nginx --since \"1 hour ago\" -o short-iso &gt; incident_nginx.log<\/code>. \u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30df\u30f3\u30b0\u30d1\u30fc\u30b5\u30fc\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u3001 <code>-o json-seq<\/code> JSON\u30ea\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u304c\u9023\u7d9a\u3057\u305f\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3092\u671f\u5f85\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u30aa\u30d5\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5206\u6790\u3001\u30ec\u30b9\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u5206\u6790\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u4ed6\u793e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u30ec\u30b9\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u306e\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa\u3067\u306f\u3001\u554f\u984c\u306e\u3042\u308b\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u5c02\u7528\u3067\u30de\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u307e\u3059 <strong>\u30aa\u30d5\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3<\/strong>: <code>journalctl -D \/mnt\/sysroot\/var\/log\/journal -b -1 -p err<\/code>. \u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6545\u969c\u3057\u305f\u30de\u30b7\u30f3\u3092\u8d77\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u500b\u3005\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306f\u3001 <code>journalctl --file \/system.journal\u3078\u306e\u30d1\u30b9\/<\/code>; \u30d8\u30c3\u30c0\u30fc\u3068\u30e1\u30bf\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304b\u3089\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306f <code>journalctl --header --file ...<\/code> \u3002\u65ad\u7247\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u5165\u308c\u308b\u524d\u306b\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u305d\u306e <strong>\u8aa0\u5b9f\u3055<\/strong> \u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066 <code>journalctl --verify --file ...<\/code>, \u3001\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u7834\u640d\u3092\u65e9\u671f\u306b\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u76e3\u67fb\u3084\u4e8b\u5f8c\u5206\u6790\u306e\u969b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u91cd\u70b9\u3092\u7d5e\u3063\u3066\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u30a8\u30af\u30b9\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff1a <code>journalctl -b -u sshd -p warning..err -o short-iso &gt; audit_sshd_b0.log<\/code>. \u3053\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u30c8\u3067\u3001, <strong>\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044<\/strong> \u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u5185\u3067\u30ec\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30a2\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30d5\u30a1\u30af\u30c8\u3067\u3001\u4e0d\u8981\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u62e1\u6563\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u78ba\u8a8d\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u3001VM\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30de\u30b7\u30f3<\/h2>\n\n<p>systemd-machined \u3067\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u3084 VM \u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 <strong>-M<\/strong>: <code>journalctl -M staging-vm -u nginx -f<\/code>. \u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30ed\u30b0\u3092 <strong>\u305d\u306e\u5834\u3067\u306e<\/strong> \u30de\u30b7\u30f3\u306b\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u78ba\u8a8d\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u591a\u3044\u30db\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u304c\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u547d\u540d\u898f\u5247\uff08\u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u3001\u8b58\u5225\u5b50\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002 <code>SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=<\/code> \u305d\u3057\u3066 <code>_SYSTEMD_UNIT=<\/code> \u3059\u3050\u306b<\/p>\n\n<p>\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u307e\u305f\u304c\u308a\u3001\u4e00\u5143\u7684\u306a\u96c6\u7d04\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u3066\u6b21\u306e\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u8a08\u753b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306e\u9593\u306f\u3001\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u3067\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u51fa\u529b\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001 <strong>\u30e9\u30f3\u30d6\u30c3\u30af\u30b9<\/strong> \u5404\u74b0\u5883\u3054\u3068\u306b\u6700\u3082\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\uff0f\u8b58\u5225\u5b50\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u4e00\u89a7\u8868\u793a\u3059\u308b\u6e96\u5099\u304c\u6574\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u691c\u7d22\u6642\u9593\u3092\u77ed\u7e2e\u3067\u304d\u3001\u6c4e\u7528\u7684\u306a\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u57cb\u3082\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u306e\u3092\u9632\u3050\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3068\u30b3\u30a2\u30c0\u30f3\u30d7<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u89e3\u6790\u306b\u3042\u305f\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u70b9\u3092\u53c2\u8003\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 <strong>coredumpctl<\/strong>, \u3001\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u306f <code>coredumpctl list<\/code> \u6982\u8981\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3001, <code>coredumpctl info PID<\/code> \u8a73\u7d30\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b <code>coredumpctl gdb<\/code> \uff08\u9069\u5207\u304b\u3064\u8a31\u53ef\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\uff09\u76f4\u63a5\u30c7\u30d0\u30c3\u30b0\u30bb\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u79fb\u884c\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u30a4\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u30ed\u30b0\u3092\u6642\u9593\u3084\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3054\u3068\u306b\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 <strong>\u76f4\u524d\u306b<\/strong> \u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u306e\u69d8\u5b50\u3092\u898b\u308b\u306a\u3069 <code>journalctl _PID=PID --since \"-5 min\"<\/code>. \u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30c8\u30ea\u30ac\u30fc\u3001\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u3001\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3092\u9069\u5207\u306b\u9023\u643a\u3055\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u3068\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u5236\u9650<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u8ca0\u8377\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u306e\u5b9f\u884c\u3092\u63a7\u3048\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 <strong>eng<\/strong>: \u307e\u305a\u300cBoot\/\u671f\u9593\u300d\u3001\u6b21\u306b\u300cUnit\/\u512a\u5148\u5ea6\u300d\u3001\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u300c\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u300d\u306e\u9806\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3046\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001 <code>journalctl<\/code> \u53cd\u5fdc\u304c\u901f\u3044\u3002\uff5e\u3067 <code>-n<\/code> \u884c\u6570\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff08<code>journalctl -u nginx -n 500<\/code>)\u3001\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u5206\u6790\u3067\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u306f <code>-f<\/code> Unit\u304a\u3088\u3073\u512a\u5148\u5ea6\u4ed8\u304d\uff08<code>journalctl -fu nginx -p warning..err<\/code>). \u30c9\u30ed\u30c3\u30d7\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059 <code>journalctl -u systemd-journald -p warning..err<\/code> \u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059 <code>journald.conf<\/code> <code>RateLimitIntervalSec<\/code> \u305d\u3057\u3066 <code>RateLimitBurst<\/code> \u91cd\u8981\u306a\u901a\u77e5\u3092\u898b\u9003\u3055\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u30a8\u30af\u30b9\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u9ad8\u901f\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 <strong>2\u6bb5\u968e\u306e<\/strong> \u624b\u9806\uff1a\u307e\u305a\u5927\u307e\u304b\u306b\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3057\u3066\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306b\u66f8\u304d\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u3067 <code>\u30b0\u30ec\u30c3\u30d7<\/code> \u6216\u3044\u306f <code>jq<\/code> \u3055\u3089\u306b\u7cbe\u7dfb\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u751f\u7523\u7528\u30de\u30b7\u30f3\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u3092\u8efd\u6e1b\u3057\u3001\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u306e\u3042\u308b\u4e2d\u9593\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u3088\u304f\u3042\u308b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u7a74\u3068\u78ba\u8a8d\u4e8b\u9805<\/h2>\n\n<ul>\n  <li><strong>\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30be\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u30c9\u30ea\u30d5\u30c8\uff1a<\/strong> \u79c1\u306f\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3059\u308b <code>timedatectl\u30b9\u30c6\u30fc\u30bf\u30b9<\/code> \u307e\u305f\u3001\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306e\u6642\u523b\u3092\u5e38\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3055\u305b\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002\u6bd4\u8f03\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066 <code>TZ=UTC journalctl ...<\/code>, \u3001\u6642\u9593\u67a0\u304c\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5408\u3046\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li><strong>\u512a\u5148\u9806\u4f4d\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\uff1a<\/strong> 0\uff5e7 \u306f emerg..debug \u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u4e3b\u306b\u540d\u524d\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u4f5c\u696d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08<code>-p err<\/code>)\u3001\u305f\u3060\u3057\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u9818\u57df\u3082\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08<code>-p \u8b66\u544a\u2026\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc<\/code>)\u3001\u30ce\u30a4\u30ba\u3092\u5236\u5fa1\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u4f4e\u6e1b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li><strong>\u30dd\u30b1\u30c3\u30c8\u30d9\u30eb\u3068\u7aef\u672b\uff1a<\/strong> \u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u3067\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u306f <code>--no-pager<\/code> \u6216\u3044\u306f <code>SYSTEMD_PAGER=cat<\/code>, \u3001\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u51fa\u529b\u304c\u6ede\u308b\u306e\u3092\u9632\u3050\u3002\u30a2\u30c9\u30db\u30c3\u30af\u306a\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u306b\u306f\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u306f\u4fbf\u5229\u3060\u304c\u3001\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u90aa\u9b54\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li><strong>\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u30ed\u30b0\uff1a<\/strong> \u300cDropped-Messages\u300d\u306f\u3001\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u5236\u9650\u3084\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u306e\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\u3092\u793a\u5506\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002 <code>journalctl --disk-usage<\/code> \u304a\u3088\u3073journald\u306e\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u3002\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u30ed\u30fc\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\uff08<code>journalctl --rotate<\/code>) \u304a\u3088\u3073\u5236\u9650\u5024\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/li>\n  <li><strong>Chatty\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30ce\u30a4\u30ba\uff1a<\/strong> \u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u3067\u30ed\u30b0\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3092\u4e0b\u3052\u305f\u308a\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u7d5e\u3063\u3066\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 <code>SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER<\/code> \u305d\u3057\u3066\u512a\u5148\u9806\u4f4d\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3057\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u57cb\u3082\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u308f\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u3084\u30e9\u30f3\u30d6\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3064\u5b9f\u7528\u7684\u306a\u30b9\u30cb\u30da\u30c3\u30c8<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u884c\u3046\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u3059\u3050\u306b\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u77ed\u3044\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u7528\u610f\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304d\u3001\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u306b\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u308a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n  <li>\u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u6700\u5f8c\u306e10\u5206\u9593\u3092\u9006\u9806\u3067\uff1a <code>journalctl -u nginx -S \"-10 min\" -r<\/code><\/li>\n  <li>\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u8868\u793a\u3067\u306f\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u307f\uff1a <code>journalctl -fk -p err<\/code><\/li>\n  <li>\u3042\u308b\u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u30d6\u30fc\u30c8\u6bd4\u8f03\uff08\u73fe\u5728\u7248\u3068\u4ee5\u524d\u306e\u30d6\u30fc\u30c8\uff09\uff1a <code>journalctl -u sshd -b | diff -u - &lt;(journalctl -u sshd -b -1)<\/code><\/li>\n  <li>\u904e\u53bb1\u6642\u9593\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u306e\u30a8\u30af\u30b9\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\uff1a <code>journalctl -p err --since \"-1 hour\" -o json &gt; errors_last_hour.json<\/code><\/li>\n  <li>\u30de\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u30aa\u30d5\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u5206\u6790\uff1a <code>journalctl -D \/mnt\/sysroot\/var\/log\/journal -u nginx -p warning..err<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2>\u30ed\u30b0\u306e\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u3001\u30ed\u30fc\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3001\u6574\u7406<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u79c1\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u3092 <strong>journalctl \u2013disk-usage<\/strong> \u305d\u308c\u3092\u5ff5\u982d\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3068\u30ea\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u533a\u5207\u308a\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001 <code>sudo journalctl --rotate<\/code> \u3053\u3046\u3057\u3066\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u53e4\u3044\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ea\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3067\u6642\u9593\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u524a\u9664\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 <code>sudo journalctl --vacuum-time=2weeks<\/code> \u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u3001\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066 <code>--vacuum-size=500M<\/code>, \u3001\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306e\u5f79\u5272\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5bfe\u7b56\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30af\u306e\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\u3092\u9632\u304e\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u6587\u8108\u3092\u5931\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u5c65\u6b74\u3092\u9069\u5207\u306b\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb\u306f <strong>\u6271\u3044\u3084\u3059\u3044<\/strong> \u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u306a\u304a\u3001\u76e3\u67fb\u3084\u632f\u308a\u8fd4\u308a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u4e00\u89a7\uff1a\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u5229\u70b9<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u884c\u3046\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 <strong>\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3<\/strong> \u30a4\u30f3\u30b7\u30c7\u30f3\u30c8\u5bfe\u5fdc\u306e\u969b\u306b\u6642\u9593\u3092\u7121\u99c4\u306b\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u3001\u4e00\u89a7\u8868\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u306e\u8868\u306b\u306f\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u3001\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u6d41\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u7c21\u5358\u306a\u4f8b\u304c\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30bf\u30fc\u30df\u30ca\u30eb\u5185\u3067\u7d20\u65e9\u304f\u898b\u3064\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3001\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u767a\u63ee\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u306f\u7c21\u6f54\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30ea\u30d5\u30a1\u30ec\u30f3\u30b9\u306e\u304a\u304b\u3052\u3067\u3001\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u5185\u3067\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u3001\u30ec\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u3001\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u304e\u304c\u8457\u3057\u304f\u30b9\u30d4\u30fc\u30c9\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306a\u624b\u9593\u3067\u3001\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002 <strong>\u624b\u7d9a\u304d<\/strong> \u614c\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3044\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<table>\n  <thead>\n    <tr>\n      <th>\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3<\/th>\n      <th>\u76ee\u7684<\/th>\n      <th>\u4f8b<\/th>\n    <\/tr>\n  <\/thead>\n  <tbody>\n    <tr>\n      <td>-b \/ \u2013list-boots<\/td>\n      <td>\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03<\/td>\n      <td><code>journalctl -b -1<\/code><\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>-u UNIT<\/td>\n      <td>\u696d\u52d9\u306e\u91cd\u70b9\u3092\u5b9a\u3081\u308b<\/td>\n      <td><code>journalctl -u nginx.service<\/code><\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>-p \u512a\u5148\u5ea6<\/td>\n      <td>\u91cd\u75c7\u5ea6\u3067\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080<\/td>\n      <td><code>journalctl -p err<\/code><\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>-k<\/td>\n      <td>\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u5206\u96e2\u3059\u308b<\/td>\n      <td><code>journalctl -k -b<\/code><\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>\u2013since \/ \u2013until<\/td>\n      <td>\u6642\u9593\u67a0\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b<\/td>\n      <td><code>journalctl --since \"2 hours ago\"<\/code><\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>-o json\/json-pretty<\/td>\n      <td>\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u51fa\u529b<\/td>\n      <td><code>journalctl -o json-pretty<\/code><\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>\u2013no-pager<\/td>\n      <td>\u30dd\u30b1\u30c3\u30c8\u30d9\u30eb\u3092\u30aa\u30d5\u306b\u3059\u308b<\/td>\n      <td><code>journalctl --no-pager -u sshd<\/code><\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>\u2013vacuum-*<\/td>\n      <td>\u30ea\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u7ba1\u7406\u3059\u308b<\/td>\n      <td><code>journalctl --vacuum-time=30d<\/code><\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n  <\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>\u79c1\u306f\u3053\u306e\u8868\u3092\u7c21\u6f54\u306a <strong>\u30ab\u30f3\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u30da\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc<\/strong> \u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u3055\u3089\u306b\u4f8b\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u79c1\u306e\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u306f\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u30d1\u30b9\u3092\u7d20\u65e9\u304f\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3001\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u306b\u7684\u3092\u7d5e\u3063\u305f\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u540c\u6642\u306b\u3001\u3053\u306e\u6982\u8981\u306f\u3001\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u30ab\u30d0\u30fc\u3059\u308b\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u306e\u9752\u5199\u771f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u4f8b\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u5275\u9020\u7684\u306b\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3078\u306e\u62b5\u6297\u611f\u304c\u8efd\u6e1b\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001 <strong>\u30d2\u30c3\u30c8\u7387<\/strong> \u3069\u306e\u5206\u6790\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u305d\u308c\u304c\u611f\u3058\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\">\n  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/journalctl_linux_fehleranalyse_7432.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"\/>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h2>\u30a4\u30f3\u30b7\u30c7\u30f3\u30c8\u5bfe\u5fdc\u306e\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u30fb\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u307e\u305a\u6700\u521d\u306b\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3092\u9650\u5b9a\u3057\u3066 <strong>\u554f\u984c<\/strong> \u307e\u305a\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\uff1a\u4f55\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3044\u3064\u304b\u3089\u8d77\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u305d\u306e\u524d\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5909\u66f4\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u80cc\u666f\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u53ce\u96c6\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30d6\u30fc\u30c8\u306b\u95a2\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u307e\u305a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u304b\u3089\u59cb\u3081\u308b\u3002 <code>journalctl -b<\/code>, \u696d\u52d9\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3057\u3066 <code>journalctl -u NAME<\/code>, \u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3057\u3066 <code>journalctl -k<\/code>. \u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u91cd\u75c7\u5ea6\u3092\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u91cd\u70b9\u7684\u306b\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 <code>-p err<\/code> \u6216\u3044\u306f <code>-p \u8b66\u544a\u2026\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc<\/code>, \u3001\u305d\u3046\u3059\u308c\u3070\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u6700\u521d\u306b\u78ba\u8a8d\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6642\u9593\u67a0\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 <code>--\u300c1\u6642\u9593\u524d\u300d\u304b\u3089\"<\/code> \u6216\u3044\u306f <code>--\u4eca\u65e5\u304b\u3089<\/code>, \u3001\u30ce\u30a4\u30ba\u3092\u9664\u53bb\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3042\u308b\u4eee\u8aac\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3053\u306e\u4fee\u6b63\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u3001 <code>journalctl -f<\/code> \u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e <strong>\u539f\u56e0<\/strong> \u6d88\u3048\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u306a\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u30c7\u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u5f8c\u306bWeb\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u304c\u8d77\u52d5\u3057\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5c0b\u306d\u307e\u3059 <strong>\u30b9\u30c6\u30fc\u30bf\u30b9<\/strong> via <code>systemctl status<\/code> \u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u59cb\u3081\u3001\u4e26\u884c\u3057\u3066 <code>journalctl -u nginx.service -p err --since \"10 min ago\"<\/code>. \u591a\u304f\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30ed\u30b0\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6b20\u843d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3084\u6a29\u9650\u306e\u554f\u984c\u3001\u8a2d\u5b9a\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u306a\u3069\u304c\u306f\u3063\u304d\u308a\u3068\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002SSH\u30bb\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u6642\u6298\u4e2d\u65ad\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 <code>journalctl -u sshd.service --since \"2 hours ago\" -p warning..err<\/code> \u3092\u5165\u529b\u3057\u3001\u8a8d\u8a3c\u3084\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u63a2\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059 <code>journalctl -k -b -p err<\/code> \u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5f8c\u3067\u6bd4\u8f03\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u629c\u7c8b\u3092\u4fdd\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002\u7c21\u6f54\u3067\u7684\u3092\u7d5e\u3063\u305f\u6307\u793a\u3092\u51fa\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u8fc5\u901f\u306a <strong>\u8abf\u67fb\u7d50\u679c<\/strong> \u3069\u3093\u306a\u72b6\u6cc1\u3067\u3082\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>journalctl \u3068\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u30ed\u30b0\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u79c1\u306f\u8a3a\u65ad\u3092 <strong>\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb<\/strong>, \u3001\u305d\u3053\u3067\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u6df1\u523b\u5ea6\u3001\u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u3001\u30dc\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u3088\u308a\u6df1\u3044\u7591\u554f\u304c\u751f\u3058\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u305d\u306e\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u3092\u88dc\u8db3\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 <code>\/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log<\/code> \u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u3001\u8a73\u7d30\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30ed\u30b0\u306a\u3069\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u91cd\u8907\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u50cf\u3068\u8a73\u7d30\u3092\u517c\u306d\u5099\u3048\u305f\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u72b6\u6cc1\u628a\u63e1\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002Web\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u4e8b\u9805\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u30ed\u30b0\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306a\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8a73\u7d30\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002 <a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/ja\/%e3%82%a6%e3%82%a7%e3%83%96%e3%82%b5%e3%83%bc%e3%83%90%e3%83%bc-%e3%83%ad%e3%82%b0%e3%83%ac%e3%83%99%e3%83%ab-%e3%82%b5%e3%83%bc%e3%83%90%e3%83%bc%e3%83%91%e3%83%95%e3%82%a9%e3%83%bc%e3%83%9e%e3%83%b3\/\">\u30ed\u30ae\u30f3\u30b0\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u3059\u308b<\/a>. \u5168\u4f53\u50cf\u3068\u8a73\u7d30\u30ed\u30b0\u3092\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3053\u306e\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u306f\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b <strong>\u5206\u6790<\/strong> \u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u610f\u601d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u8fc5\u901f\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u751f\u7523\u6027\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u74b0\u5883\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u63a8\u5968\u4e8b\u9805<\/h2>\n\n<p>systemd\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u3092\u5fb9\u5e95\u7684\u306b <strong>\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb<\/strong> \u307e\u305f\u3001\u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u3001\u30d6\u30fc\u30c8\u3001\u512a\u5148\u5ea6\u3001\u6642\u9593\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u3092\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u8a3a\u65ad\u306e\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u7d20\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb\u306e\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u80fd\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u5236\u5fa1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 <code>--vacuum-time<\/code> \u6216\u3044\u306f <code>--vacuum-size<\/code>, \u3001\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u5c65\u6b74\u3092\u6b8b\u3057\u3064\u3064\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u304c\u6e80\u676f\u306b\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3059\u3002\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u306b\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u306f <code>-o json<\/code> \u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u3001\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306fSIEM\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u306b\u51fa\u529b\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u304c\u9023\u643a\u3059\u308b\u5834\u9762\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3001\u4e00\u5143\u7684\u306a\u76f8\u95a2\u5206\u6790\u3068\u30c0\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u8a2d\u8a08\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u898f\u5f8b\u3068\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u306e\u306f <strong>\u4fe1\u983c\u6027<\/strong> \u30e2\u30cb\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30b7\u30c7\u30f3\u30c8\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30ec\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\">\n  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/linux-server-analysis-4982.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"\/>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<h2>\u7df4\u7fd2\u304b\u3089\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u7d5e\u3063\u305f <strong>journalctl<\/strong> \u3053\u306e\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u614c\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3044\u30c8\u30e9\u30d6\u30eb\u30b7\u30e5\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u624b\u9806\u306b\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\uff1a\u958b\u59cb\u70b9\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306a\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u6642\u9593\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u3001\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002JSON\u51fa\u529b\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u4fdd\u6301\u671f\u9593\u3001\u518d\u73fe\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3001\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u4f5c\u6210\u3001\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u57fa\u76e4\u304c\u7bc9\u304b\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 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