{"id":4143,"date":"2020-10-30T22:00:28","date_gmt":"2020-10-30T21:00:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/?p=4143"},"modified":"2025-02-19T18:55:55","modified_gmt":"2025-02-19T17:55:55","slug":"content-delivery-networks-what-cloudflare-so-special-power","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/pl\/content-delivery-networks-was-cloudflare-so-besonders-macht\/","title":{"rendered":"Sieci dostarczania tre\u015bci - co sprawia, \u017ce CloudFlare jest tak wyj\u0105tkowy?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Dajcie nam pi\u0119\u0107 minut, a dostaniemy wasz\u0105 strona internetowa<\/a> ruszy\u0107\" - tak obiecuje na w\u0142asnej stronie internetowej dostawca CloudFlare z San Francisco. Podobno rejestracja w CloudFare, wyb\u00f3r odpowiedniej taryfy (planu) i wgranie odpowiedniej strony internetowej do dostawcy zajmuje zaledwie pi\u0119\u0107 minut. Pod warunkiem jednak, \u017ce w\u0142asne \u0142\u0105cze internetowe jest wystarczaj\u0105co szybkie. CloudFlare obiecuje jednak nie tylko szybko\u015b\u0107, ale tak\u017ce zaawansowane rozwi\u0105zania bezpiecze\u0144stwa, takie jak \"Web Application Firewall\" czy \"Advanced Denial of Service Attack Mitgation\". Wszystko to jest mo\u017cliwe dzi\u0119ki po\u0142\u0105czeniu dw\u00f3ch technologii: jedna jest stosunkowo nowa, druga tak stara jak internet, a razem tworz\u0105 niemal samowystarczalny ca\u0142o\u015bciowy system.<\/p>\n

Content Delivery Network - Kiedy chmury si\u0119 rozpraszaj\u0105<\/h2>\n

Zamiast zwyk\u0142ej us\u0142ugi w chmurze, na przyk\u0142ad jako \"Infrastruktura jako us\u0142uga\", tak zwany \"System Dostarczania Tre\u015bci\" dzia\u0142a nieco inaczej, poniewa\u017c zamiast by\u0107 skoncentrowanym w jednym punkcie, Sieci Dostarczania Tre\u015bci s\u0105 rozproszone na kilku PoP (punktach obecno\u015bci) i tworz\u0105 sie\u0107 rozproszonych chmur. Konkretnie, dla CloudFlare oznacza to 43 centra danych w 32 krajach. Nie chodzi jednak tylko o sam rozmiar, ale o to, by obj\u0105\u0107 swoim zasi\u0119giem jak najwi\u0119cej miejsc na \u015bwiecie. W szczeg\u00f3lno\u015bci, ze wzgl\u0119du na po\u0142o\u017cenie geograficzne, wniosek z Republiki Po\u0142udniowej Afryki nie powinien trwa\u0107 d\u0142u\u017cej ni\u017c jeden wniosek z USA. <\/p>\n

Content Delivery Network wsp\u00f3\u0142pracuje z dwucz\u0119\u015bciowym systemem dystrybucji. Istnieje jeden lub wi\u0119cej serwer\u00f3w pochodzenia oraz du\u017ca liczba serwer\u00f3w \"szkieletowych\" lub replik, kt\u00f3re zawieraj\u0105 kopi\u0119 dost\u0119pnego pliku. To, jak cz\u0119sto taki plik jest mirrorowany, tzn. dystrybuowany w obr\u0119bie serwer\u00f3w replik, zale\u017cy w du\u017cej mierze od ilo\u015bci zg\u0142osze\u0144. Je\u015bli plik jest wymagany tylko sporadycznie, kilka szkielet\u00f3w mo\u017ce ju\u017c wystarczy\u0107 do odpowiedniego zaspokojenia zapotrzebowania. Poza tym: Nie ka\u017cdy kr\u0119gos\u0142up jest \"dostrojony\" tak samo. Niekt\u00f3re s\u0105 zaprojektowane z my\u015bl\u0105 o wydajno\u015bci, inne o szybko\u015bci. Po\u0142\u0105czenie obu tych element\u00f3w gwarantuje r\u00f3wnomierne roz\u0142o\u017cenie pod wzgl\u0119dem czasu i pr\u0119dko\u015bci, niezale\u017cnie od aktywnego ruchu.<\/p>\n

Serwer nazw domenowych - Logiczna konsekwencja<\/h2>\n

Drugim elementem systemu dystrybucji jest serwer nazw domen. Zajmuje si\u0119 to rozwi\u0105zywaniem \u0142a\u0144cuch\u00f3w dostaw przypisanych przez serwer \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142owy za pomoc\u0105 routingu \u017c\u0105da\u0144 opartego na DNS. Podobnie jak w Internecie, szkieletom mo\u017cna przypisa\u0107 unikalne identyfikatory, kt\u00f3rych DNS mo\u017ce u\u017cywa\u0107 w swoich Baza danych<\/a> przechowuje. W celu przetworzenia \u017c\u0105dania, u\u017cytkownik musi zosta\u0107 przekierowany do szkieletu, kt\u00f3ry wymaga informacji takich jak ID i IP. Takich informacji dostarcza w\u0142a\u015bnie DNS.<\/p>\n

Jednak DNS CloudFlare nie jest wykorzystywany wy\u0142\u0105cznie do tego zadania, ale funkcjonuje r\u00f3wnie\u017c jako \"normalny\" DNS, kt\u00f3ry jest w stanie przekszta\u0142ci\u0107 nazwy domen stron internetowych w IP. Chocia\u017c istnieje obecnie wiele DNS, kt\u00f3re nie s\u0105 zwi\u0105zane z dostawcami us\u0142ug internetowych, takich jak openDNS lub Google Public DNS, dzia\u0142anie w\u0142asnego DNS zwi\u0119ksza bezpiecze\u0144stwo stron internetowych przechowywanych za po\u015brednictwem CloudFlare, przynajmniej w niewielkim stopniu, poniewa\u017c mo\u017cliwe jest szybsze reagowanie na ataki, kt\u00f3rych celem jest \"odmowa us\u0142ugi\".<\/p>\n

Trzy filary bezpiecze\u0144stwa<\/h2>\n

Z grubsza, wysokie bezpiecze\u0144stwo CloudFlare jest osi\u0105gane dzi\u0119ki trzyfilarowemu systemowi, a mianowicie internetowemu firewallowi aplikacji, kt\u00f3ry jest umieszczony przed w\u0142a\u015bciw\u0105 stron\u0105 internetow\u0105, niejako end-to-end SSL szyfrowania opartego na w\u0142asnych lub preferowanych przez u\u017cytkownika protoko\u0142ach i algorytmach oraz DNSSEC (DNS-SECurity), systemowi u\u015bcisku d\u0142oni dla zapyta\u0144 DNS opartych na podpisach kryptograficznych, kt\u00f3ry dzia\u0142a z wieloma warstwami. Poza tym, w\u0142asny DNS pozwala na znacznie lepszy system wczesnego ostrzegania przed atakami DDoS poprzez ulepszony monitoring \"u \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a\", poniewa\u017c \"flary-up\" ruchu jest tu zauwa\u017cany ju\u017c przed dotkni\u0119ciem rzeczywistej strony.<\/p>\n

Niewiele konkurencji<\/h2>\n

Na razie CloudFlare nie ma powa\u017cnej konkurencji. Podczas gdy istniej\u0105 inni dostawcy - w tym z du\u017cych firm - trudno b\u0119dzie zrzuci\u0107 CloudFlare z tronu ze wzgl\u0119du na wsp\u00f3\u0142prac\u0119 z du\u017cymi markami i daleko id\u0105ce wdro\u017cenie. Jednak nie tylko zdobywaj\u0105 punkty pustymi frazami, ale poprzez po\u0142\u0105czenie sieci dostarczania tre\u015bci i serwera nazw domenowych ze wszystkimi zwi\u0105zanymi z tym korzy\u015bciami, stworzyli system, w kt\u00f3rym szybko\u015b\u0107 i bezpiecze\u0144stwo s\u0105 jednakowo zapewnione.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

„Gib uns f\u00fcnf Minuten und wir werden deine Webseite auf Touren bringen“ verspricht der in San Francisco ans\u00e4ssige Anbieter CloudFlare vollmundig auf seiner eigenen Seite. Lediglich f\u00fcnf Minuten soll es dauern, sich bei CloudFare zu registrieren, einen entsprechenden Tarif (Plan) zu w\u00e4hlen und die entsprechende Webseite beim Anbieter hochzuladen. Unter der Voraussetzung allerdings, das die 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