{"id":4249,"date":"2020-10-30T20:12:17","date_gmt":"2020-10-30T19:12:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/firewall-2\/"},"modified":"2020-10-30T20:12:17","modified_gmt":"2020-10-30T19:12:17","slug":"firewall-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/pl\/firewall-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Firewall"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zgodnie z oznaczeniem Firewall<\/a> Firewall to \u015bciana ochronna, kt\u00f3ra ma za zadanie chroni\u0107 komputery, serwery bramowe i powi\u0105zane z nimi urz\u0105dzenia sieciowe przed atakami z zewn\u0105trz. Podobnie jak \"zapora ogniowa\", firewall funkcjonuje jako logiczny obiekt testowy, kt\u00f3ry chroni sie\u0107 prywatn\u0105 przed sieci\u0105 publiczn\u0105. Gdyby firewall nie istnia\u0142, prywatne komputery i sieci by\u0142yby bezbronne wobec wielu atak\u00f3w z zewn\u0105trz. Firewall nie jest programem chroni\u0105cym przed wirusami. Jego zadaniem nie jest wykrywanie atak\u00f3w. Jest on raczej przeznaczony do konsekwentnego wdra\u017cania zasad komunikacji sieciowej. Wszystkie przychodz\u0105ce pakiety danych s\u0105 sprawdzane zgodnie z regu\u0142ami zapory sieciowej, a niepokoj\u0105ce s\u0105 przepuszczane. W przypadku w\u0105tpliwych pakiet\u00f3w danych u\u017cytkownik otrzymuje komunikat. Ty decydujesz. Ze swoim zakresem funkcji, firewall mo\u017ce by\u0107 bez w\u0105tpienia nazwany wa\u017cnym modu\u0142em koncepcji bezpiecze\u0144stwa EDP.<\/p>\n

Firewall: Monitoring wed\u0142ug okre\u015blonych zasad<\/p>\n

Zasadniczo ka\u017cdy firewall jest oparty na oprogramowaniu, kt\u00f3re chroni strumienie danych pomi\u0119dzy komputerem a Internet<\/a> kontrolowany. Monitoring ten opiera si\u0119 na zestawie regu\u0142, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 na sta\u0142e zapisane w oprogramowaniu. Podej\u015bcie do rozwi\u0105zania firewalla jest zgodne z konkretnymi wytycznymi. Firewall wykorzystuje przechowywane regu\u0142y, aby zdecydowa\u0107, czy pakiet sieciowy przychodz\u0105cy w trakcie ruchu danych powinien zosta\u0107 przekierowany czy odrzucony. Dzi\u0119ki tej prostej, przychodz\u0105cej kontroli, podejmowane s\u0105 pr\u00f3by odparcia niepo\u017c\u0105danych naje\u017ad\u017ac\u00f3w sieci. Te mechanizmy kontrolne sprawdzaj\u0105 strumie\u0144 danych przychodz\u0105cy z Internetu, jak r\u00f3wnie\u017c strumie\u0144 danych skierowany do Internetu. Firewall opiera to skanowanie kontrolne na cechach charakterystycznych ka\u017cdego pakietu danych. Zawiera on adres nadawcy, adres docelowy oraz informacje o wykorzystywanych us\u0142ugach, tj. rodzaj pakietu danych.
\nPodczas skanowania danych firewall mo\u017ce sprawdzi\u0107 ka\u017cde \u017c\u0105danie dost\u0119pu. Kontrola ta obejmuje analiz\u0119, tj. ustalenie to\u017csamo\u015bci wnioskuj\u0105cej s\u0142u\u017cby. Gwarantuje to, \u017ce strona wnioskuj\u0105ca posiada zarejestrowan\u0105 nazw\u0119 domeny, a tym samym zapisany adres internetowy. Kolejna procedura testowa zapory ogniowej polega na pe\u0142nym sprawdzeniu przychodz\u0105cego pakietu danych w po\u0142\u0105czeniu z kontrol\u0105 krzy\u017cow\u0105 kod\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 na zapisanej \"czarnej li\u015bcie\".
\nPodsumowuj\u0105c funkcjonalno\u015b\u0107 firewalla, prezentuje si\u0119 on jako filtr pakiet\u00f3w danych. Firewall chroni Ciebie i Tw\u00f3j komputer, pokazuj\u0105c to, co jest wysy\u0142ane i odbierane na Twoim po\u0142\u0105czeniu internetowym. Je\u015bli zapora sieciowa zidentyfikuje problematyczne pakiety danych, zostanie wy\u015bwietlony komunikat. Ty decydujesz, czy Dane<\/a> mo\u017ce, ale nie musi przechodzi\u0107 przez firewall.
\nJe\u015bli opr\u00f3cz funkcji filtrowania pakiet\u00f3w zapory sieciowej istnieje potrzeba wykrywania atak\u00f3w, wykorzystywane s\u0105 dodatkowe dost\u0119pne modu\u0142y IDS (IDS = Intrusion Detection System). System IDS mo\u017ce uzupe\u0142nia\u0107 zapor\u0119 ogniow\u0105, ale mo\u017ce r\u00f3wnie\u017c znajdowa\u0107 si\u0119 bezpo\u015brednio na komputerze przeznaczonym do monitorowania i stamt\u0105d zapewni\u0107 zwi\u0119kszenie bezpiecze\u0144stwa sieci.<\/p>\n

Dwa modele firewalli: biurkowy i sieciowy<\/p>\n

Na rynku informatycznym (IT) istniej\u0105 dwa modele firewalli. Bardziej z\u0142o\u017cone rozwi\u0105zania firewallowe mo\u017cna znale\u017a\u0107 w sieciach, na przyk\u0142ad w sieci firmowej. Tam osobny komputer, kt\u00f3ry jest po\u0142\u0105czony pomi\u0119dzy komputerami PC a Internetem obs\u0142ugiwanym przez router, przejmuje zadania firewalla dla wszystkich stacji roboczych PC po\u0142\u0105czonych w sieci. Z regu\u0142y serwer proxy (proxy = zast\u0119pca) jest ju\u017c zintegrowany z zapor\u0105 ogniow\u0105, kt\u00f3ra przejmuje komunikacj\u0119 z systemem docelowym na zasadzie quasi-zast\u0119pcy i tym samym zapewnia w tym przypadku po\u017c\u0105dan\u0105 anonimowo\u015b\u0107. To rozwi\u0105zanie sprz\u0119towe typu firewall mo\u017ce by\u0107 wdro\u017cone w sieci przy rozs\u0105dnych kosztach. <\/p>\n

Dla Twojego domowego biura miar\u0105 wszystkiego jest oprogramowanie dost\u0119pne jako alternatywa dla sprz\u0119towej zapory ogniowej dla komputera stacjonarnego - PC. W systemach operacyjnych \"Windows\" firewall jest cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 standardowego zakresu dostawy. Aby zapewni\u0107 ochron\u0119, zapora musi by\u0107 aktywowana w \"Ustawieniach zabezpiecze\u0144\". Za pomoc\u0105 interfejsu u\u017cytkownika mo\u017cna zdefiniowa\u0107 kryteria bezpiecze\u0144stwa i ich progi i wy\u015bwietla\u0107 je na graficznym interfejsie u\u017cytkownika. <\/p>\n

Firewall - modu\u0142 bezpiecze\u0144stwa \"must-have\"<\/p>\n

Wniosek: Rozwi\u0105zania typu firewall s\u0105 podstawowym modu\u0142em koncepcji bezpiecze\u0144stwa IT. Funkcjonalno\u015b\u0107 ta obejmuje raporty i dzienniki oraz alarmy wyzwalane na podstawie logicznych kryteri\u00f3w testowych, kt\u00f3re pojawiaj\u0105 si\u0119 automatycznie po osi\u0105gni\u0119ciu dowolnie definiowanych warto\u015bci progowych. Interfejs pomi\u0119dzy u\u017cytkownikiem jako operatorem a zapor\u0105 sieciow\u0105 jest graficznym interfejsem u\u017cytkownika.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Unter der Bezeichnung Firewall versteht man einen Schutzwall, der Computer, Gateway-Server und dazu geh\u00f6rende Netzwerk-Einrichtungen vor externen Angriffen sch\u00fctzen soll. Wie eine „Brandschutzmauer“ (engl.: firewall) fungiert die Firewall als logische Pr\u00fcfeinrichtung die ein privates Netz vor dem \u00f6ffentlichen Netz sch\u00fctzt. W\u00e4re die Firewall nicht existent, so w\u00e4ren private Computer und Netzwerke den vielf\u00e4ltigen Attacken von 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