{"id":4251,"date":"2020-10-30T19:57:46","date_gmt":"2020-10-30T18:57:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/softwarefirewall-oder-hardwarefirewall\/"},"modified":"2020-10-30T19:57:46","modified_gmt":"2020-10-30T18:57:46","slug":"softwarefirewall-lub-hardwarefirewall","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/pl\/softwarefirewall-oder-hardwarefirewall\/","title":{"rendered":"softwarefirewall, lub hardwarefirewall"},"content":{"rendered":"

Firewall programowy lub sprz\u0119towy - r\u00f3\u017cnice i obszary zastosowa\u0144<\/p>\n

Obie opcje oferuj\u0105 ochron\u0119 dla w\u0142asnego komputera i pod\u0142\u0105czonej do niego sieci. W praktyce obie opcje s\u0105 zwykle stosowane obok siebie, nawet w zastosowaniach prywatnych. Oba rozwi\u0105zania maj\u0105 zawsze efekt uszczelniaj\u0105cy, zar\u00f3wno poprzez sprz\u0119t, jak i poprzez oprogramowanie, kt\u00f3re ma by\u0107 zainstalowane. Po\u0142\u0105czenia powinny by\u0107 zatem kontrolowane i w razie potrzeby blokowane, aby zapobiec nieautoryzowanemu wtargni\u0119ciu do sieci.<\/p>\n

Co to dok\u0142adnie jest Firewall<\/a>?<\/p>\n

Firewall jest dodatkowym systemem bezpiecze\u0144stwa, ale nie nale\u017cy go myli\u0107 z oprogramowaniem antywirusowym na komputerze. Zapora jest przeznaczona do identyfikacji i izolowania z\u0142o\u015bliwych program\u00f3w, natomiast firewall monitoruje po\u0142\u0105czenia, wychodz\u0105ce i przychodz\u0105ce. Dane<\/a> w ramach sieci. Jest on zintegrowany jako dodatkowy system, niejako pomi\u0119dzy komputerem a Internetem\/sieci\u0105. Firewall mo\u017ce mi\u0119dzy innymi uniemo\u017cliwi\u0107 osobom nieupowa\u017cnionym wej\u015bcie do sieci, a tym samym uzyskanie dost\u0119pu do komputera i jego danych. <\/p>\n

Ponadto zapobiega si\u0119 r\u00f3wnie\u017c przesy\u0142aniu nieautoryzowanych pakiet\u00f3w danych, np. szkodliwych \"robak\u00f3w\". Nawet w odniesieniu do danych wychodz\u0105cych, firewall pokazuje swoje korzy\u015bci w praktyce. Na przyk\u0142ad, zapobiega on wysy\u0142aniu danych do innych komputer\u00f3w w sieci przez komputer zidentyfikowany jako z\u0142o\u015bliwe oprogramowanie. Zazwyczaj odbywa si\u0119 to bez bezpo\u015bredniej wiedzy u\u017cytkownika, poniewa\u017c z\u0142o\u015bliwe oprogramowanie samodzielnie inicjuje te transmisje danych. Zapora ogniowa mo\u017ce by\u0107 zatem stosowana w celu zapobiegania rozprzestrzenianiu si\u0119 robak\u00f3w i tym podobnych.<\/p>\n

R\u00f3\u017cnice mi\u0119dzy firewallem programowym a sprz\u0119towym<\/p>\n

Aby rzuci\u0107 wi\u0119cej \u015bwiat\u0142a na te r\u00f3\u017cnice, nale\u017cy najpierw wypracowa\u0107 r\u00f3\u017cnice mi\u0119dzy terminami \"oprogramowanie\" i \"sprz\u0119t\". Sprz\u0119t jest definiowany jako elektroniczne i\/lub mechaniczne produkty i komponenty, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 u\u017cywane w po\u0142\u0105czeniu z innymi technologiami w celu zapewnienia jego funkcjonalno\u015bci. Sprz\u0119t istnieje zatem \"faktycznie\" w tym sensie, \u017ce mo\u017cna go dotkn\u0105\u0107, odkr\u0119ci\u0107 i zbada\u0107. Z kolei oprogramowanie to programy, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 instalowane na komputerze, a wi\u0119c sk\u0142adaj\u0105 si\u0119 z danych i niezliczonej ilo\u015bci linii kodu. Nie mo\u017cna ich dotkn\u0105\u0107, ale aktywuj\u0105 one funkcje na komputerze, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 oparte na sprz\u0119cie. Zapora sprz\u0119towa jest zatem urz\u0105dzeniem mechanicznym lub elektronicznym, natomiast zapora jest instalowana jako oprogramowanie na komputerze PC. W praktyce oba warianty s\u0105 mo\u017cliwe w po\u0142\u0105czeniu.<\/p>\n

Co robi firewall programowo-sprz\u0119towy?<\/p>\n

Firewall programowy kontroluje ruch danych mi\u0119dzy sieci\u0105 a komputerem. Za jego pomoc\u0105 mo\u017cna r\u00f3wnie\u017c ustawi\u0107 r\u00f3\u017cne wyj\u0105tki dla program\u00f3w, zwolni\u0107 porty lub wygodnie monitorowa\u0107 dane na komputerze w czasie rzeczywistym. W pewnym sensie firewall programowy monitoruje sie\u0107, a konkretnie t\u0119, z kt\u00f3rej korzysta komputer, aby uzyska\u0107 dost\u0119p do sieci. Internet<\/a> aby m\u00f3c si\u0119 po\u0142\u0105czy\u0107. Z kolei firewall sprz\u0119towy jest instalowany na zewn\u0119trznym urz\u0105dzeniu\/systemie i w praktyce monitoruje dwie sieci jednocze\u015bnie. Monitoruje on ruch danych pomi\u0119dzy sieci\u0105 prywatn\u0105 a zapor\u0105 ogniow\u0105 i jednocze\u015bnie ruch pomi\u0119dzy zapor\u0105 ogniow\u0105 a sieci\u0105 nadrz\u0119dn\u0105. Bli\u017csze przyjrzenie si\u0119 temu terminowi pokazuje, \u017ce firewall sprz\u0119towy to raczej oprogramowanie, kt\u00f3re nie jest instalowane na samym komputerze, ale na urz\u0105dzeniu zewn\u0119trznym.<\/p>\n

W praktyce, uproszczony firewall sprz\u0119towy w obszarze prywatnego u\u017cytkownika znajduje si\u0119 zazwyczaj w klasycznym routerze. Nowoczesne routery posiadaj\u0105 funkcjonalny firewall, kt\u00f3ry dzia\u0142a zgodnie z powy\u017csz\u0105 praktyk\u0105. Jednocze\u015bnie na samym komputerze nale\u017cy zainstalowa\u0107 programowy firewall. Starsze modele modem\u00f3w DSL nadal musia\u0142y radzi\u0107 sobie bez tej zintegrowanej zapory sprz\u0119towej. Klienci przemys\u0142owi i komercyjni, kt\u00f3rzy hostuj\u0105 w swoich sieciach szczeg\u00f3lnie wra\u017cliwe dane, czasami decyduj\u0105 si\u0119 na zainstalowanie dodatkowego rozwi\u0105zania w postaci sprz\u0119tu lub dalszej ochrony serwer\u00f3w. Po\u0142\u0105czenie zintegrowanego firewalla w routerze i dodatkowo zainstalowanego oprogramowania na komputerze PC jest jednak ca\u0142kowicie wystarczaj\u0105ce dla u\u017cytkownik\u00f3w prywatnych. Sieci firmowe powinny ewentualnie poprosi\u0107 o dalsz\u0105 ochron\u0119 i sprz\u0119tow\u0105 zapor\u0119 sieciow\u0105, kt\u00f3ra jest dostosowana do ich wymaga\u0144 i powinna by\u0107 doradzona przez ekspert\u00f3w.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Software- oder Hardwarefirewall – Unterschiede und Einsatzgebiete Eine Absicherung f\u00fcr den eigenen PC und das damit verbundene Netzwerk bieten beide M\u00f6glichkeiten. In der Praxis werden, auch im privaten Anwendungsbereich, normalerweise beide Optionen erg\u00e4nzend zueinander eingesetzt. Immer haben beide L\u00f6sungen, sowohl via Hardware als auch \u00fcber die zu installierende Software, einen abschottenden Effekt. Verbindungen sollen also 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