{"id":4287,"date":"2020-10-30T21:58:43","date_gmt":"2020-10-30T20:58:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/?p=4287"},"modified":"2020-10-30T21:58:43","modified_gmt":"2020-10-30T20:58:43","slug":"serwerowe-centrum-komputerowe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/pl\/server-rechenzentrum\/","title":{"rendered":"Serwer (centrum komputerowe)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Poj\u0119cie centrum danych obejmuje budynek lub lokal, w kt\u00f3rym centralny <a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/pl\/switch-rechenzentren-zahlen-geld-fuer-server-abwaerme\/\">Serwer<\/a> firm\u0119, organizacj\u0119 lub uniwersytet. Ze wzgl\u0119d\u00f3w bezpiecze\u0144stwa, jednostki te s\u0105 dobrze chronione i zazwyczaj s\u0105 dost\u0119pne tylko dla niewielkiej liczby os\u00f3b posiadaj\u0105cych specjalne zezwolenia. Poni\u017cej znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 najwa\u017cniejsze szczeg\u00f3\u0142y dotycz\u0105ce struktury i zada\u0144 centrum danych.<\/p>\n<p>Serwer (centrum komputerowe): m\u00f3zg firmy<br \/>\nCentrum komputerowe (DC) jest przeznaczone do przetwarzania i zarz\u0105dzania du\u017cymi ilo\u015bciami danych. Du\u017ce grupy finansowe i technologiczne maj\u0105 zazwyczaj swoje w\u0142asne centra i odpowiedzialne dzia\u0142y IT. Mniejsze firmy, a nawet osoby prywatne maj\u0105 mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 outsourcingu tych us\u0142ug. Wynajmuj\u0105 oni centrum komputerowe i w ten spos\u00f3b nabywaj\u0105 pojemno\u015bci serwerowe na w\u0142asne potrzeby. Po\u0142\u0105czenie pomi\u0119dzy centrum danych a klientem jest nawi\u0105zywane poprzez bezpieczne linie danych.<br \/>\nZalet\u0105 centrum komputerowego jest to, \u017ce zapewnia ono pot\u0119\u017cn\u0105 infrastruktur\u0119, kt\u00f3ra obejmuje r\u00f3wnie\u017c obs\u0142ug\u0119 system\u00f3w r\u00f3wnoleg\u0142ych, przygotowan\u0105 na wypadek awarii. Zasilacz jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c wyposa\u017cony w dwa niezale\u017cne zasilacze, dzi\u0119ki czemu mo\u017cna kontynuowa\u0107 prac\u0119 w przypadku ewentualnej awarii. Aby zminimalizowa\u0107 ryzyko awarii, zwykle instalowane s\u0105 generatory zasilaczy bezprzerwowych (UPS). Wydajny system klimatyzacji jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c absolutnie niezb\u0119dny w centrum komputerowym, aby zapobiec przegrzaniu si\u0119 wysokowydajnych komputer\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<p>Organizacja RZ<br \/>\n- In\u017cynieria systemowa<br \/>\nTo tutaj utrzymywany jest sprz\u0119t centrum komputerowego. Wykonanie instalacji i okablowania jest wykonywane przez wyspecjalizowanych technik\u00f3w systemowych. W przypadku awarii przeprowadzaj\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c szybkie analizy i pewne naprawy.<br \/>\n- Zarz\u0105dzanie systemem<br \/>\nOd tego momentu przeprowadza si\u0119 konfiguracje, aby centrum komputerowe mog\u0142o rozpozna\u0107 i obs\u0142ugiwa\u0107 nowe urz\u0105dzenia podczas pracy. W zale\u017cno\u015bci od wielko\u015bci centrum komputerowego mo\u017ce si\u0119 tu znajdowa\u0107 r\u00f3wnie\u017c instalacja i administracja oprogramowania. Do produkcji wprowadzane s\u0105 nowe wersje program\u00f3w i wyda\u0144 pomocniczych, kt\u00f3re wcze\u015bniej zosta\u0142y szczeg\u00f3\u0142owo przetestowane i zatwierdzone przez firm\u0119. W tym celu wiele firm utrzymuje swoje w\u0142asne \u015brodowiska testowe.<br \/>\n- Dzia\u0142aj\u0105cy<br \/>\nTa cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 obejmuje obs\u0142ug\u0119 i monitorowanie rzeczywistego systemu komputerowego w centrum komputerowym przez operator\u00f3w. Ze wzgl\u0119du na post\u0119p techniczny system\u00f3w operacyjnych, ich zaw\u00f3d uleg\u0142 znacznej zmianie. Wiele z pierwotnych zada\u0144 sta\u0142o si\u0119 nieaktualnych z powodu automatyzacji proces\u00f3w. Niemniej jednak, ludzie musz\u0105 jeszcze zapewni\u0107 wa\u017cne funkcje we wsp\u00f3\u0142dzia\u0142aniu z maszyn\u0105, szczeg\u00f3lnie w przypadku nieprawid\u0142owo\u015bci lub awarii systemu (wyj\u0105tki).<\/p>\n<p>Bezpiecze\u0144stwo<br \/>\nJak wida\u0107, bezpiecze\u0144stwo w centrum komputerowym jest najwy\u017cszym priorytetem, ze zrozumia\u0142ych wzgl\u0119d\u00f3w, je\u015bli wzi\u0105\u0107 pod uwag\u0119 kosztown\u0105 technologi\u0119 tam zainstalowan\u0105. Opr\u00f3cz restrykcyjnych zasad dost\u0119pu, du\u017c\u0105 wag\u0119 przywi\u0105zuje si\u0119 w szczeg\u00f3lno\u015bci do ochrony przeciwpo\u017carowej. Zaczyna si\u0119 to od \u015brodk\u00f3w konstrukcyjnych, poprzez rozs\u0105dne oddzielenie pomieszcze\u0144 lub zastosowanie pod\u0142\u00f3g fa\u0142szywych, kt\u00f3re umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105 dodatkowe ch\u0142odzenie maszyn od do\u0142u. Wysoce czu\u0142e systemy detekcji dymu s\u0105 wykorzystywane do wczesnego wykrywania ewentualnego po\u017caru. Pracownicy centrum komputerowego s\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c aktywnie szkoleni w zakresie u\u017cywania odpowiednich ga\u015bnic, aby mogli szybko reagowa\u0107 w przypadku drobnych incydent\u00f3w. W razie potrzeby uruchamiane s\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c automatyczne systemy ga\u015bnicze, kt\u00f3re zwalczaj\u0105 po\u017car poprzez emisj\u0119 specjalnych gaz\u00f3w ga\u015bniczych.<br \/>\nW przypadku gdyby centrum komputerowe uleg\u0142o ca\u0142kowitej awarii w razie katastrofy, wielu operator\u00f3w ma do dyspozycji zapasowe centrum komputerowe, kt\u00f3re znajduje si\u0119 w innej lokalizacji. Zapasowe centrum danych ma identyczn\u0105 struktur\u0119, aby umo\u017cliwi\u0107 pe\u0142n\u0105 operacj\u0119. Du\u017co inwestuje si\u0119 w bezpiecze\u0144stwo centrum danych, co ma sens, gdy we\u017amie si\u0119 pod uwag\u0119, \u017ce na przyk\u0142ad grupa finansowa musia\u0142aby zosta\u0107 ca\u0142kowicie zamkni\u0119ta, gdyby mia\u0142a zawie\u015b\u0107 na kilka dni. Wynika to z faktu, \u017ce wy\u0142\u0105czenie handlu i transakcji szybko doprowadzi\u0142oby do za\u0142amania.<\/p>\n<p>Bezpiecze\u0144stwo danych<br \/>\nW ten spos\u00f3b dane o klientach i transakcjach, kt\u00f3rych warto\u015b\u0107 jest prawie <a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/pl\/cloud-geschaeft-von-alphabet-mit-milliardenverlust\/\">Strata<\/a> mo\u017ce prowadzi\u0107 do ogromnej utraty presti\u017cu i utraty reputacji. By\u0107 mo\u017ce pami\u0119taj\u0105 Pa\u0144stwo przyk\u0142ad z bran\u017cy bankowej, gdzie kradzie\u017c danych spowodowa\u0142a utrat\u0119 danych klient\u00f3w, co doprowadzi\u0142o do powa\u017cnych wstrz\u0105s\u00f3w, gdy dane te zosta\u0142y sprzedane organom podatkowym i zwi\u0105zanych z tym \u017c\u0105da\u0144. Oczywiste jest, \u017ce \u017cadna firma nie mo\u017ce i nie pozwoli na to z ich <a href=\"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/pl\/personenbezogene-daten-sozialen-netzwerken\/\">Dane<\/a> jest przedmiotem handlu. Poufno\u015b\u0107 i integralno\u015b\u0107 danych o klientach i transakcjach s\u0105 istotnymi elementami ochrony danych. W zwi\u0105zku z tym wydaje si\u0119 du\u017co pieni\u0119dzy na ochron\u0119 przed nieautoryzowanym dost\u0119pem pracownik\u00f3w lub haker\u00f3w za pomoc\u0105 technik szyfrowania i firewalli.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Der Begriff Rechenzentrum umfasst das Geb\u00e4ude oder die R\u00e4umlichkeiten, in welchem sich die zentralen Server einer Firma, Organisation oder Universit\u00e4t befinden. Aus Sicherheitsgr\u00fcnden sind diese Einheiten gut gesch\u00fctzt und gew\u00f6hnlich nur einem kleinen Personenkreis mit Spezialbewilligung zug\u00e4nglich. Nachstehend sehen Sie die wichtigsten Details zum Aufbau und zu den Aufgaben eines Rechenzentrums. Server (Rechenzentrum): das Hirn 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