{"id":4419,"date":"2020-10-30T20:16:52","date_gmt":"2020-10-30T19:16:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/antivirensoftware-die-wichtigsten-eigenschaften-und-funktionen-im-ueberblick\/"},"modified":"2020-10-30T20:16:52","modified_gmt":"2020-10-30T19:16:52","slug":"oprogramowanie-antywirusowe-najwazniejsze-wlasciwosci-i-funkcje-na-pierwszy-rzut-oka","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/pl\/antivirensoftware-die-wichtigsten-eigenschaften-und-funktionen-im-ueberblick\/","title":{"rendered":"Oprogramowanie antywirusowe - najwa\u017cniejsze cechy i funkcje w skr\u00f3cie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Prawie ka\u017cdy ci\u0119 wykorzystuje, prawie ka\u017cdy zna twoje imi\u0119. Ale czym dok\u0142adnie jest oprogramowanie antywirusowe (w skr\u00f3cie AV)? Generalnie ma by\u0107 klasyfikowany jako program antywirusowy. Jest to program, kt\u00f3ry pr\u00f3buje wykry\u0107, zablokowa\u0107 i w najlepszym przypadku usun\u0105\u0107 znane wirusy komputerowe, konie troja\u0144skie lub robaki komputerowe. Przyjrzyjmy si\u0119 centralnym cechom tego oprogramowania i jego zastosowaniu:<\/p>\n

Historia oprogramowania antywirusowego<\/h2>\n

Pocz\u0105tki program\u00f3w antywirusowych nie mog\u0142y by\u0107 jeszcze por\u00f3wnywane z dzisiejszymi z\u0142o\u017conymi systemami rozwi\u0105za\u0144. Ca\u0142kiem zwyczajnie dlatego, \u017ce na pocz\u0105tku lat 80-tych nie by\u0142o \u017cadnych z\u0142o\u015bliwych program\u00f3w. Historia komputera jest oczywi\u015bcie nierozerwalnie zwi\u0105zana z histori\u0105 wirus\u00f3w, a wi\u0119c r\u00f3wnie\u017c z p\u00f3\u017aniejszymi programami antywirusowymi. W tamtych czasach wirusy komputerowe nadal ogranicza\u0142y si\u0119 do samodzielnej produkcji i nie mog\u0142y spowodowa\u0107 wi\u0119kszych szk\u00f3d. Ewolucja gro\u017anych wirus\u00f3w w technologii komputerowej ma zwi\u0105zek z ich rosn\u0105c\u0105 z\u0142o\u017cono\u015bci\u0105. Pod koniec lat 80. wzros\u0142a og\u00f3lna wiedza o z\u0142o\u015bliwym programowaniu. To sprawi\u0142o, \u017ce coraz bardziej niezb\u0119dne staj\u0105 si\u0119 badania nad sposobami ich zwalczania.<\/p>\n

Temat ten po raz pierwszy sta\u0142 si\u0119 znany szerszej publiczno\u015bci w 1987 roku, kiedy to wirusy by\u0142y wcze\u015bniej uwa\u017cane wy\u0142\u0105cznie za zagro\u017cenie dla \u017cywych istot, ale zmieni\u0142o si\u0119 to wraz z Berndem Fixem. Wed\u0142ug kilku \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142, jest on pierwsz\u0105 osob\u0105, kt\u00f3ra zaj\u0119\u0142a si\u0119 tym tematem w spos\u00f3b efektywny pod wzgl\u0119dem publicystycznym oraz rozpozna\u0142a i usun\u0119\u0142a wirusa komputerowego. Jako haker i specjalista w dziedzinie techniki komputerowej do dzi\u015b funkcjonuje on jako sprawdzony specjalista w tej dziedzinie.<\/p>\n

Pierwsze programy antywirusowe<\/h2>\n

Kwestia zwalczania wirus\u00f3w nabiera coraz wi\u0119kszego znaczenia. W 1988 roku sie\u0107 komputerowa Bitnet\/Earn podj\u0119\u0142a walk\u0119 z wirusami, projektuj\u0105c list\u0119 mailingow\u0105 dokumentuj\u0105c\u0105 pojawianie si\u0119 wirus\u00f3w. Pocz\u0105tkowo wirusy rozprzestrzenia\u0142y si\u0119 tylko za pomoc\u0105 dyskietek, ale wraz z rozprzestrzenianiem si\u0119 Internetu, wirusy mog\u0142y rozprzestrzenia\u0107 si\u0119 szybciej i bardziej niekontrolowanie.<\/p>\n

Rodzaje oprogramowania antywirusowego<\/h2>\n

Zasadniczo istniej\u0105 trzy r\u00f3\u017cne rodzaje oprogramowania antywirusowego:<\/p>\n

Skaner w czasie rzeczywistym
\nSkaner r\u0119czny
\nInternetowy skaner antywirusowy<\/p>\n

Skaner czasu rzeczywistego nazywany jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c skanerem dost\u0119pu. Charakteryzuje si\u0119 tym, \u017ce dzia\u0142a jako us\u0142uga systemowa (przyk\u0142ad: Windows) lub demon (Unix) w tle i skanuje programy, pliki lub Pami\u0119\u0107 robocza<\/a> Skany. Aplikacje s\u0105 sprawdzane podczas procesu czytania i pisania.<\/p>\n

Skaner r\u0119czny r\u00f3\u017cni si\u0119 tym, \u017ce musi by\u0107 uruchomiony przez u\u017cytkownika. Typowe systemy oprogramowania to Norton Antywirus<\/a>. Je\u015bli program znajdzie podejrzane pliki na komputerze, pojawi\u0105 si\u0119 komunikaty ostrzegawcze, kt\u00f3re wskazuj\u0105 wra\u017cliwe obszary komputera. Z regu\u0142y u\u017cytkownik mo\u017ce wybiera\u0107 pomi\u0119dzy trzema r\u00f3\u017cnymi funkcjami w przypadku ataku wirusa: Czyszczenie, kwarantanna i usuwanie z\u0142o\u015bliwych plik\u00f3w.<\/p>\n

Skaner antywirusowy online jest z kolei programem, kt\u00f3ry \u0142aduje Tw\u00f3j wzorzec antywirusowy przez sie\u0107. Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 skaner\u00f3w online opiera si\u0119 na tak zwanym, obecnie przestarza\u0142ym modelu komponent\u00f3w oprogramowania ActiveX. Istnieje r\u00f3wnie\u017c kilka aplikacji opartych na technologii Java.<\/p>\n

Jak dzia\u0142a oprogramowanie antywirusowe?<\/h2>\n

Skanery oprogramowania, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 wa\u017cne dla uruchamiania oprogramowania antywirusowego, dzia\u0142aj\u0105 w oparciu o sygnatury i heurystycznie w celu wykrycia b\u0142\u0119d\u00f3w i szkodliwych sk\u0142adnik\u00f3w. Skanowanie oparte na sygnaturach polega na ukierunkowanej dystrybucji ma\u0142ych fragment\u00f3w kodu z obecnych wirus\u00f3w i trojan\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re sta\u0142y si\u0119 ju\u017c znane. W ten spos\u00f3b wirusy i trojany mog\u0105 by\u0107 wykrywane i idealnie eliminowane. Poszukiwania heurystyczne s\u0105 bardziej z\u0142o\u017cone. Bada on programy, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 ju\u017c uruchomione i zainstalowane na danym komputerze. Wykryto podejrzane zachowanie, takie jak samoczynne wywo\u0142anie programu.<\/p>\n

Wska\u017anik sukcesu i krytyka<\/h2>\n

Nawet je\u015bli programy antywirusowe s\u0105 bardzo przydatne i cz\u0119sto chroni\u0105 u\u017cytkownika przed wielk\u0105 szkod\u0105, nie ka\u017cdy szkodliwy program mo\u017ce zosta\u0107 wykryty. Eksperci tacy jak wiceprezes firmy Symantec Bryan Dye uwa\u017caj\u0105, \u017ce programy te maj\u0105 tylko 45 procentow\u0105 szans\u0119 na sukces. Nie mog\u0105 one ca\u0142kowicie zast\u0105pi\u0107 ostro\u017cnego zachowania u\u017cytkownika. Dobrymi \u015brodkami ochrony w\u0142asnego systemu jest regularna defragmentacja komputera.<\/p>\n

Pomimo swojej u\u017cyteczno\u015bci, oprogramowanie antywirusowe jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c przedmiotem krytyki. Na przyk\u0142ad, b\u0142\u0119dy aplikacji, kt\u00f3re maj\u0105 krytyczne znaczenie dla czasu, mog\u0105 pojawi\u0107 si\u0119 z powodu op\u00f3\u017anienia w skanowaniu urz\u0105dzenia. Dane<\/a>. R\u00f3wnie\u017c sta\u0142e skanowanie baz danych, zw\u0142aszcza je\u015bli s\u0105 one bardzo du\u017ce, mo\u017ce prowadzi\u0107 do problem\u00f3w. Cz\u0119sto pojawiaj\u0105 si\u0119 komunikaty o b\u0142\u0119dach.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fast alle benutzen Sie, nahezu jeder kennt Ihren Namen. Doch was ist eigentlich eine Antivirensoftware (kurz AV)? : Allgemein ist sie als Antivirenprogramm zu klassifizieren. Sie ist eine Software, die versucht, bekannte Computerviren, Trojanische Pferde oder Computerw\u00fcrmer aufzusp\u00fcren, zu blockieren und im besten Fall zu l\u00f6schen. Blicken wir auf die zentralen Eigenschaften dieser Software und 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