{"id":4274,"date":"2020-10-30T22:18:08","date_gmt":"2020-10-30T21:18:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/?p=4274"},"modified":"2020-10-30T22:18:08","modified_gmt":"2020-10-30T21:18:08","slug":"apache-webserver","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webhosting.de\/sv\/apache-webserver\/","title":{"rendered":"Apache-webbserver"},"content":{"rendered":"

Webbservern Apache<\/h2>\n

Apache-webbservern, som ursprungligen kallades Apache HTTP Server, \u00e4r den mest anv\u00e4nda webbservern p\u00e5 World Wide Web.
\nWebbservern \u00e4r skapad av Apache Software Foundation. Systemet distribueras fritt under en licens med \u00f6ppen k\u00e4llkod.
\nDen f\u00f6rsta versionen publicerades 1995. Det nuvarande versionsnumret \u00e4r 2.4.25 (fr\u00e5n och med 2016-12).<\/p>\n

Utvecklingens historia<\/h3>\n

1994 beslutade \u00e5tta utvecklare att f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttra NSCA Httpd-webbservern. Teamet, som bestod av David Robinson, Cliff Skolnick, Randy Terbush, Roy T. Fielding, Rob Hartill, Brian Behlendorf, Robert S. Thau och Andrew Wilson, lappade till\u00e4gg till den gamla NSCA-servern och sl\u00e4ppte den f\u00f6rsta versionen av Apache HTTP Server 1995. Namnet valdes av respekt f\u00f6r indianstammen Apache. Idag best\u00e5r utvecklingsgruppen huvudsakligen av frivilliga utvecklare runt om i v\u00e4rlden. Apache-webbservern \u00e4r resultatet av f\u00f6rslag och f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttringar fr\u00e5n alla anv\u00e4ndare v\u00e4rlden \u00f6ver. Tack vare den \u00f6ppna k\u00e4llkoden kan alla intresserade och kvalificerade anv\u00e4ndare direkt programmera in sina f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttringar.<\/p>\n

Systemegenskaper<\/h3>\n

Den modul\u00e4ra webbservern st\u00f6der en m\u00e4ngd olika operativsystem, inklusive Linux, Unix och Windows. Serverns stabilitet och hastighet har f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttrats avsev\u00e4rt i version 2.0, fr\u00e4mst f\u00f6r icke-Unix-system.
\nViktiga systemfunktioner generaliseras och g\u00f6rs tillg\u00e4ngliga via Apache-biblioteket Portable Runtime s\u00e5 att de olika operativsystemens s\u00e4rskilda egenskaper kan utnyttjas fullt ut. De olika MPM-modulerna (multiprocessing) skiljer sig ocks\u00e5 \u00e5t beroende p\u00e5 plattformen. Dessa anv\u00e4nds bland annat f\u00f6r att behandla flera klientf\u00f6rfr\u00e5gningar. Dessa MPM:er \u00e4r optimerade f\u00f6r respektive operativsystem, s\u00e5 att MPM:en i Windows \u00e4r optimerad f\u00f6r tr\u00e5dar, medan den i Unix st\u00f6der processavdelning.<\/p>\n

Tack vare sin modul\u00e4ra struktur kan Apache-webbservern till exempel fungera som en proxyserver (mod_proxy), kryptera kommunikationen mellan webbl\u00e4saren och webbservern (mod_ssl) eller manipulera HTTP-huvudena. Det \u00e4r ocks\u00e5 m\u00f6jligt att \u00e4ndra URL-uppgifter.<\/p>\n

Med hj\u00e4lp av skriptspr\u00e5k p\u00e5 serversidan som t.ex. Perl<\/a>Ruby eller PHP<\/a> Apache HTTP Server ger m\u00f6jlighet att skapa dynamiska webbplatser. Dessa skriptspr\u00e5k, som \u00e4ven omfattar JavaScript<\/a>Modulerna, som omfattar f\u00f6ljande, m\u00e5ste integreras som moduler eller adresseras via CGI. Det \u00e4r m\u00f6jligt att aktivera eller inaktivera olika moduler n\u00e4r som helst.
\nMed hj\u00e4lp av mod_include i Apache HTTP-serveren kan man anv\u00e4nda server side includes som avsev\u00e4rt minskar administrationen av statiska webbplatser genom att skapa dynamiska webbplatser.<\/p>\n

Som alla program fr\u00e5n Apache Software Foundation \u00e4r Apache HTTP Server fri programvara. Den \u00e4r licensierad i enlighet med GPL-standarderna.<\/p>\n

Utvidgbarhet<\/h3>\n

Apache Webbserver<\/a> har en mycket god utbyggbarhet tack vare sin modul\u00e4ra struktur. Dessa moduler, som \u00e4r fritt tillg\u00e4ngliga \u00f6verallt p\u00e5 Internet, b\u00f6rjar alltid med \"mod_\". De kan laddas ned beroende p\u00e5 anv\u00e4ndningsomr\u00e5de och integreras i webbservern. Ett stort antal moduler finns tillg\u00e4ngliga. Anv\u00e4ndningen omfattar s\u00e4kerhetsfunktioner (t.ex. SSL), integrering av skriptspr\u00e5k, omdirigeringar, autentisering, statusrapporter och mycket mer.<\/p>\n

Plattformar och versioner<\/h3>\n

B\u00e5de Mac Os och alla Linux-distributioner inneh\u00e5ller Apache HTTP Server som standard. Windows st\u00f6ds ocks\u00e5 fullt ut av programmet.
\nVersion 1.x, vars f\u00f6rsta version publicerades 1995, upph\u00f6rde med version 1.3.x i februari 2010. Sedan mars 2000 har versionsserien 2.x utvecklats parallellt. Av denna serie \u00e4r det bara version 2.2.x som fortfarande st\u00f6ds tillsammans med den nuvarande versionen 2.4.x och som levereras med s\u00e4kerhetsuppdateringar.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Der Apache Webserver Der Apache Webserver, Originalbezeichnung Apache HTTP Server ist der meistverwendete Webserver im World-Wide-Web. Erstellt wird der Webserver von der Apache Software Foundation. Das System wird in einer quelloffenen Lizenz, frei vertrieben. Die erste Version wurde 1995 ver\u00f6ffentlicht. Die aktuelle Versionsnummer lautet 2.4.25 (Stand 12\/2016). Entwicklungsgeschichte Im Jahr 1994 entschlossen sich acht Entwickler 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